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464  APPENDIX.                APPENDIX.



 “ In many respects the plants are the same as those of
 the peninsula of Sinai,—Fagonia cretica, and another
 species, Zygophyllum simplex, Stcitice cicicularis, As­
 tragalus hamosus, Tphiona scalrci, the plant called
 Bovea by Decaisne, and several species of Egyptian
 Labiatce, forming some of its most remarkable features.  III.
 It also comprehends one of our common dead nettles
 (Lamium amplexicaule).   BAB EL MANDUB.
 On the other hand, the Lithospermwn vestitum of
 India, Asphodelus fistulosus—from which the Aspho-  It will be seen by a reference to the map, that those   m
                               of the Indian Ocean, now desig-
 delus clavatus of the Doab is not different, and which  two great branches
                 the Red Sea and the Indian Gulf of Aden, lie
 therefore extends from Malaga to India—Acanthodium  nated
           at nearly right angles with respect to each other, and
 spicatum, and Cotula cinerea, sufficiently indicate the
 approach of the Flora to a form more tropical than that  the point where the abrupt deflection takes place bears
           the name of Bab el Mandiib, “ The Gate of Tears.”
 of Egypt or Palestine.
 “ Besides these things, I find specimens of the Inula  This and several other names equally significant, were,
 odor a and Convolvulus spinosus of Yemen, both of  it was thought, imposed by the earlier Arab navigators,
 which are unknown to the northward; and there is  to convey an impressive idea of their apprehension of
 species of bramble, probably the Rubus fruticosus of   the voyage before them : to this day they hold the  is
 Forskahl, which although very incomplete, is to all ap-  passage in great dread, muttering in their progress  1
 pearance undescribed.  many prayers, and casting loaves of bread into the sea.
 “ The collection contains various other species, but as   The same form is observed at the entrance of the
 they do not bear upon any points of general interest, I   Persian Gulf, and even on approaching certain har-
 forbear to enumerate them.”—Geographical Journal  hours. No class of men  relinquish old customs with
           more unwillingness than Arabs, and this custom is but
            a remnant of that universal superstition in which their
            Pagan ancestors, in common with the greater part of
            the world, were once enthralled. It doubtless arises
            from a desire to  propitiate, by offerings of value or by
            Invocation, the
                           supposed evil agency of the spirits of
            the
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