Page 77 - 2018_IFC

DEFINITIONS

equipped with a small hearth opening and a short chimney or PYROTECHNIC ARTICLE. A pyrotechnic device for use
chimney opening in the top. in the entertainment industry, which is not classified as fire-
works.
[BE] POWER-ASSISTED DOOR. Swinging door that
opens by reduced pushing or pulling force on the door-oper- PYROTECHNIC COMPOSITION. A chemical mixture
ating hardware. The door closes automatically after the push- that produces visible light displays or sounds through a self-
ing or pulling force is released, and functions with decreased propagating, heat-releasing chemical reaction which is initi-
forces. See also “Low energy power-operated door” and ated by ignition.
“Power-operated door.”
PYROTECHNIC SPECIAL EFFECT. A visible or audible
POWERED INDUSTRIAL TRUCK. A forklift, tractor, effect for entertainment created through the use of pyrotech-
platform lift truck or motorized hand truck powered by an nic materials and devices.
electrical motor or internal combustion engine. Powered PYROTECHNIC SPECIAL-EFFECT MATERIAL. A
industrial trucks do not include farm vehicles or automotive chemical mixture used in the entertainment industry to pro-
vehicles for highway use.
duce visible or audible effects by combustion, deflagration or
[BE] POWER-OPERATED DOOR. Swinging, sliding, or detonation. Such a chemical mixture predominantly consists
folding door that opens automatically when approached by a of solids capable of producing a controlled, self-sustaining
pedestrian or opens automatically upon an action by a pedes- and self-contained exothermic chemical reaction that results
trian. The door closes automatically and includes provisions in heat, gas sound, light or a combination of these effects. The
such as presence sensors to prevent entrapment. See also chemical reaction functions without external oxygen.
“Low energy power-operated door” and “Power-assisted PYROTECHNICS. Controlled exothermic chemical reac-
door.” tions timed to create the effects of heat, hot gas, sound, dis-
PRESSURE VESSEL. A closed vessel designed to operate persion of aerosols, emission of visible light or a combination
at pressures above 15 psig (103 kPa). of such effects to achieve the maximum effect from the least
volume of pyrotechnic composition.
PRIMARY CONTAINMENT. The first level of contain-
ment, consisting of the inside portion of that container which QUANTITY-DISTANCE (Q-D). The quantity of explosive
comes into immediate contact on its inner surface with the material and separation distance relationships providing pro-
material being contained. tection. These relationships are based on levels of risk consid-
ered acceptable for the stipulated exposures and are tabulated
[BG] PRIVATE GARAGE. A building or portion of a in the appropriate Q-D tables. The separation distances speci-
building in which motor vehicles used by the owner or ten- fied afford less than absolute safety:
ants of the building or buildings on the premises are stored or
kept, without provisions for repairing or servicing such vehi- Inhabited building distance (IBD). The minimum sepa-
cles for profit. ration distance between an operating building or magazine
containing explosive materials and an inhabited building
PROCESS TRANSFER. The transfer of flammable or com- or site boundary.
bustible liquids between tank vehicles or tank cars and pro-
cess operations. Process operations may include containers, Intermagazine distance (IMD). The minimum separation
tanks, piping and equipment. distance between magazines.
PROPELLANT. The liquefied or compressed gas in an Intraline distance (ILD) or Intraplant distance (IPD).
aerosol container that expels the contents from an aerosol The distance to be maintained between any two operating
container when the valve is actuated. A propellant is consid- buildings on an explosives manufacturing site when at
ered flammable if it forms a flammable mixture with air, or if least one contains or is designed to contain explosives, or
a flame is self-propagating in a mixture with air. the distance between a magazine and an operating build-
ing.
PROXIMATE AUDIENCE. An audience closer to pyro-
technic devices than allowed by NFPA 1123. RAILWAY. A steam, electric or other railroad or railway
that carriers passengers for hire.
[B] PSYCHIATRIC HOSPITALS. See “Hospitals.”
[BE] RAMP. A walking surface that has a running slope
PUBLIC TRAFFIC ROUTE (PTR). Any public street, steeper than one unit vertical in 20 units horizontal (5-percent
road, highway, navigable stream or passenger railroad that is slope).
used for through traffic by the general public.
RAMP, EXIT ACCESS. See “Exit access ramp.”
[A] PUBLIC WAY. A street, alley or other parcel of land
open to the outside air leading to a street, that has been RAMP, EXTERIOR EXIT. See “Exterior exit ramp.”
deeded, dedicated or otherwise permanently appropriated to RAMP, INTERIOR EXIT. See “Interior exit ramp.”
the public for public use and which has a clear width and RAW PRODUCT. A mixture of natural materials such as
height of not less than 10 feet (3048 mm).
tree, brush trimmings, or waste logs and stumps.
[BE] PUBLIC-USE AREAS. Interior or exterior rooms or [M] READY ACCESS (TO). That which enables a device,
spaces that are made available to the general public.
appliance or equipment to be directly reached, without requir-
PYROPHORIC. A chemical with an autoignition tempera- ing the removal or movement of any panel, door or similar
ture in air, at or below a temperature of 130°F (54°C). obstruction [see “Access (to)”].

44 2018 INTERNATIONAL FIRE CODE ®
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