Page 26 - 2020 Nov 30 Christie's Hong Kong Scholars Art Of China

fig. 1 Collection of The Minneapolis Institute of Arts
圖一 明尼阿波利斯藝術博物館藏品
2705 Continued

First used as weapons during the Erlitou period, jade qi were adapted 玉戚，自二里頭夏文化跨越商代至西周，功能已由原來的兵器轉為禮儀
as ceremonial objects during the Shang and Western Zhou periods. Qi 用器，器形有長方形與圓弧形，共同之處是兩側皆有鋸齒狀扉稜。在商
are found in two different shapes, one rectangular, as exemplified by
the present lot, the other rounded square, both with notches on the 代，複合工藝有了高度發展，出現了特殊的鑲嵌綠松石獸面銅內玉戚，
sides. It is extremely rare to find a jade qi fitted with a turquoise-inlaid 現有資料僅見兩件，一件在明尼阿波利斯藝術博物館藏品（plate II 圖 b）
bronze handle, and there only appears to be one other examples of this （圖一），另一件則為此件「藍田山房」舊藏，此件舊藏特殊之處有兩
type, which is in The Minneapolis Institute of Arts, see Chinese Jades: 點，一是青銅材質部分由兩組「獸面紋」組成，一為「銅內」末端以綠
Archaic and Modern from the Minneapolis Institute of Arts, London, 松石鑲嵌，一為於「欄」前精雕獸面紋，雙眉鏤空，兩眼凸出，掀唇露
1977, pl. II, fig. b (fig. 1). The present qi is unique for the unusual
depiction of a‘dual-mask’ motif. One mask is represented by turquoise 齒，齒的形象亦以鏤空呈現，接玉戚處則作倒「山」字形的三角錐狀，
inlay on the handle, while the other is on the bronze socket with 層次豐富，氣勢威猛；這種雙獸面紋的組合，為目前同類器形所僅見。
openwork eyebrows, bulging eyes and an openwork mouth revealing 一是此件玉戚的「鑲嵌綠松石銅內」部分是屬於「鉞」的形制，與婦好
teeth. It is also interesting to note that the style of the handle seen on 墓出土的相類；著名中國考古學家林澐（1939-）教授，從甲骨字形演
the current qi is very similar to that found on a type of blade known
as yue, such as a bronze example with a ‘Yaqi’ inscription excavated 變和辭例驗證兩方面確定了甲骨文中象形寫法的「戚」字，並指出「戚
from the tomb of the Shang queen Fu Hao at Yinxu, Anyang, Henan 是一種特殊形式的鉞，即兩側有齒牙形扉稜的鉞」。鉞，盛行於商和西
province. The connection between the current qi and yue, supports the 周，因形制沈重而漸成禮儀仗用器，作為威儀與權力的象徵，此件「戚」
view propounded by the Chinese archaeologist Lin Yun (1939-) that ‘qi 與「鉞」形制合體的玉戚，既呼應了林澐教授的觀點，也突顯了在商代
is a special type of yue, that is essentially a yue with tooth-like notches’. 持有此件玉戚主人身份的重要性。
The superb craftmanship and the unusual depiction of a ‘dual-mask’
motif seen on the current qi suggest that it belonged to a person of
distinguished status during the Shang dynasty.

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