Page 22 - 2020 Nov 30 Christie's Hong Kong Scholars Art Of China

商朝
（公元前1600年-公元1046年）
商朝又稱「大邑商」，周人稱商為「殷」，享國共計554年，
是目前中國歷史上第一個在當時即有文字記載的國家。商代出
現的甲骨文和金文（因多刻於青銅器上，亦稱「銘文」），是
目前已經發現的中國最早文字。關於商朝的傳世文獻，主要有
東周的《竹書紀年》和《尚書》及西漢司馬遷的《史記》。商
朝前期幾經遷都，至盤庚時遷都於殷（今河南安陽），商朝的
末代君主帝辛，於「牧野之戰」被周武王擊敗後自焚而亡，商
朝被滅，周朝取而代之。
SHANG DYNASTY
(C. 1600-1046 BC)
Also known as the Great Yi Shang, or Yin by the subsequent
Zhou dynasty, the Shang dynasty lasted for 554 years, and is
the first Chinese dynasty recorded by contemporary writing.
The inscriptions found on oracle bones and bronze vessels
from the Shang dynasty are the earliest known evidences
of Chinese writing. Written accounts of the Shang come
from classical texts such as the Bamboo Annals, and Book
of Documents from the Eastern Zhou dynasty, and the
Records of the Grand Historian from the Han dynasty. The
Shang dynasty moved its capital several times throughout
its history, with the last capital established in Yin (modern-
day Anyang, Henan) during the reign of King Pan Geng. At
the Battle of Muye, King Di Xin of Shang was defeated by
King Wu of Zhou, and subsequently set his palace on fire
and committed suicide, thus ending the Shang dynasty.