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Self Study 6 - ADJECTIVES

P PA AR RT TI IC CI IP PL LE ES S

We use present and past participles (ending in -ed and -ing) as adjectives.

a) Adjectives ending in -ing generally describe the effect produced by a noun.
b) Adjectives ending in -ed describe states, feelings or conditions.

Example: Sally's mother is reading an exciting story to her. Sally is excited.
(The story is exciting. It excites Sally. The result is that Sally is excited.)

Present Participles Past Participles
boring bored
interesting interested
amusing amused
surprising surprised
confusing confused
relaxing relaxed
amazing amazed
pleasing pleased
shocking shocked
annoying annoyed
frightening frightened
fascinating fascinated
depressing depressed
worrying worried
satisfying satisfied
disappointing disappointed
exhausting exhausted

More Examples:
1. We went to a movie theater last night. We didn't like the film, so we were bored,
because the film was boring.
2. Learning foreign languages is interesting for Philip, and he's interested in learning foreign
languages.
3. John has a sense of humour. He usually tells amusing jokes, and we are amused by his
jokes.
4. All the fans in the stadium were surprised at the result of the match because the result
was surprising.
5. The instructions in the science experiment were confusing; so we were confused as we
didn't understand them.

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