Page 68 - Crisis in Higher Education

42 • Crisis in Higher Education

in off-campus fraternity houses, or in apartments or condominiums. In
many instances, these markets are highly competitive so university residence
halls must be comfortable and up-to-date and must be close to the prices
for these other options. In addition, meal plans have changed in response to
competition. In the past, dormitory students were assigned to a dining hall
with limited options. Today, universities offer a variety of meal plans and may
allow students to eat at private establishments. In some cases, universities
attempt to control what students do by mandating that first-year students live
on campus. But even so, if the quality is low and/or prices are substantially
higher than living off campus, parents and students would and should revolt.

2.6 MISCELLANEOUS LIVING EXPENSES

In addition to attending classes, studying, and being involved in school
activities, students have basic needs that must be met, such as trans-
portation, communication, and entertainment. Once again, Table 1.1 in
Chapter 1 indicates that these expenses are much smaller than tuition and
fees, typically about $2,700 to $3,200 for students who live on campus.
Students, who commute like many students attending two-year commu-
1
nity colleges, pay more for transportation. This is also shown in Table 1.1.
These expenses are subject to free market pressure, so the cost of a smart-
phone, a night out with friends, or deodorant and toothpaste has increased
modestly over time compared to tuition, fees, and books. This fact does
not preclude these expenses from scrutiny and possible reductions.

2.7 IS HIGHER EDUCATION A GOOD INVESTMENT?

The response to this question has at least two perspectives: society’s and
students’. For society, the answers seem clear, in fact obvious. The United
States must invest in education if its goals include the following:

1. Prosperous economy: for example, designing automobiles and
airplanes
2. High levels of mental and physical health: for example, creating new
diagnostic equipment and treatment regimes