Page 52 - Science

protected through conservation
approaches and technologi-
cal interventions focused on
increasing their resilience. —JFU
Science, this issue p. 988, p. 986

ALLERGY
Dectin-1 limits allergic
responses
Aberrant activation of pattern
recognition receptors (PRRs)
drives inflammation in autoim-
mune and allergic diseases.
Gour et al. identified invertebrate
tropomyosin from house dust
mites and shrimp as a ligand for
dectin-1. Dectin-1 is a PRR that
recognizes fungal b-glucans in
antifungal immune responses.
Engagement of dectin-1 by
invertebrate tropomyosins
limited type 2 inflammation, and
dectin-1–deficient mice were
more prone to allergic airway
inflammation. Furthermore,
expression of dectin-1 was
repressed in allergic individuals.
Thus, dectin-1 is important in
limiting allergic responses. —AB
Sci. Immunol. 3, eaam9841 (2018).

INFLAMMATION
Tracking inflammation
in the colon
The therapeutic options for
ulcerative colitis, a form of
inflammatory bowel disease,
are limited. Lyons et al. tracked
gene expression, protein levels,
and protein phosphorylation in
individual animals in a mouse
model of colitis. Computational
analysis of the data sets identi-
fied discrepancies between
transcriptomic and proteomic
measurements and predicted
that the kinase Pak1 mediated
colonic inflammation. Treatment
of mice with a pharmacological
inhibitor of Pak1 ameliorated
disease, highlighting the
importance of proteomic mea-
surement to the understanding
of disease pathogenesis. —JFF
Sci. Signal. 11, eaan3580 (2018).

SCIENCE sciencemag.org 2 MARCH 2018 • VOL 359 ISSUE 6379 1006-C
Published by AAAS

DA_0302ISIO.indd 1008 2/28/18 10:51 AM