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Glossary and index
algebraic fraction a fraction that includes
at least one algebraic unknown 92
arithmetic sequence see linear sequence 18
average speed the total distance travelled
divided by the total time taken to travel
that distance 36
bearing an angle, measured clockwise
from north 159
BIDMAS an acronym for Brackets,
Indices (powers), Division, Multiplication,
Addition and Subtraction 30, 88
cancelling common factors (fractions)
dividing the numerator and denominator of
a fraction by any common factor 68
changing the subject rearranging a
formula or equation to change the variable
that is the subject of the formula to another
variable from the equation 89
coe!cient a number in front of a
variable in an algebraic expression;
the coe!cient multiplies the variable 168
column vector two numbers, placed
vertically, that describe a translation of a
point or shape; the top number gives the
number of grid points to move the object
along the horixontal axis, the bottom number
gives the number of grid points to move the
object up or down the vertical axis 113
compound measure a measure combining
two or more measures; speed is a compound
measure as it is calculated from length
(distance) and time (km/h, m/s, mph, …);
density is a compound measure as it is
calculated from mass and volume (g/cm ) 38
3
correlation the relationship between
two variable quantities 182
cross-section the face formed by
slicing through a solid shape 147
data-collection sheet a table or other
document for collecting answers to
questions for statistical analysing 59
194
decrease make or become smaller
or less in number 106
direct proportion two or more
quantities are in direct proportion if,
when one increases or decreases so does
the other, with the ratio of the quantities
staying the same 173
discount a reduction in the price
of something 107
elevation a view of an object from
the front or the side 50
equal class intervals class intervals,
in grouped data, that are all the same size 61
exterior angle an angle formed outside
a triangle, or other polygon, between an
extended side and the side next to it 42
factorise write a number or algebraic
expression as a product of factors 91
frequency polygon a chart, made up
of straight line segments, that illustrates
frequency 178
gradient (of a line) the gain in
height divided by the horizontal
distance travelled 166
hectare (ha) a standard metric unit
used to measure large areas; 1 ha = 10 000
square metres 144
highest common factor (HCF) the largest
number that is a factor of two or more other
numbers 65
hypothesis a possible explanation that
can be the basis of further investigation 56
in terms of using letters to represent
unknown numbers, to write an algebraic
expression 86
increase make or become larger or
greater in number 106
index (plural indices) a number used
4
to show a power; in 3 , 4 is the index 11
indices plural of index 11