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วารสารกฎหมาย ศาลอุทธรณ์คดีชำานัญพิเศษ

to create what we need and require, making technology subservient to us but there
appears to be a propensity for us to create ‘trouble’ for ourselves being part of our human

curiosity and innovation endeavour. We know by now how imperfect AI can be;
in 2018, Google Photo encountered an embarrassment for its ‘racist image recognition

algorithm’ where the application labelled a black person as a ‘gorilla’. Reportedly,
the solution undertaken was simply to block the word ‘gorilla’ along with chimpanzee
and monkey. That did not solve anything. Given that a vast number of AI programs
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are likely to be developed for commercial purposes, this could present challenges to
scrutiny and regulations due to trade secrets. Besides, commercial program developers

may think that if they need the industry to regulate them, this impedes their product
development and innovations, moreover, a suitably qualified global entity that can
regulate them simply does not exist.

Prudence: In an interview in 2017 at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute,
in Troy, New York, with the US Supreme Court Chief Justice John Roberts, the interviewer

asked, ‘Can you foresee a day when smart machines, driven with artificial intelligence,
will assist with courtroom fact-finding or, more controversially even, judicial decision
making.’ Chief Justice Roberts replied, ‘It’s a day that’s here and it’s putting a significant

strain on how the judiciary goes about doing things.’ However, AI may not be all about
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machine learning and taking over the world like in the film Terminator but the concern

that it falls within the monopoly and control of a select few. The European Commission
for the Efficiency of Justice (CEPEJ) in a guideline adopted at its 28 plenary meeting
th
on 7 December 2016 states that ‘Judicial decision-making tools must be designed and
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perceived as an auxiliary aid to judicial decision-making, facilitating its work, and not

39 Alex Hern, ‘Google’s solution to accidental algorithmic racism: ban gorillas’ The Guardian (London,
12 January 2018) <https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/jan/12/google-racism-ban-gorilla-black-people>
accessed 31 March 2021
40 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, ‘A Conversation with Chief Justice John G. Roberts, Jr’ (12 April
2017) < https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=39&v=TuZEKlRgDEg> accessed 3 May 2019 at 10:32
41 Conseil de l’Europe Commission européenne pour l’efficacité de la justice (CEPEJ) , Lignes directrices
sur la conduite du changement vers la Cyberjustice , Bilan des dispositifs déployés et synthèse de bonnes pratiques ,
Tel qu’adopté lors de la 28ème réunion plénière de la CEPEJ, 7 Décembre 2016 <https://rm.coe.
int/1680748154> accessed 23 March 2021 para 48

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