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The Judges should be available to competitors on shore after racing to discuss
any of their calls. These discussions should always be between the
competitor and the Judges who penalized the incident. The Chairman may want
to monitor the conversations discretely and moderate if the conversation starts
to become contentious or heated.

I.11 Rule 42 Redress Hearing

Rules do not prevent a boat from requesting redress alleging that the
disqualification was an improper action of the Jury.

If using Appendix P, redress is limited to action taken by a judge under P1 due
to a failure to take into account race committee signals or to interpret class rules
correctly, unless this is modified by the sailing instruction. As an example, the
Laser Class use a modified wording to P4.
I.12 Appendix P—Special Procedures for Rule 42

Appendix P outlines the procedures for penalizing and penalties for breaking
rule 42 on the water. This system evolved from several systems previously used
by many classes and multi-class regattas. It made its debut in Olympic
Competition in 1992.

As with all systems, there are advantages and disadvantages.

Advantages
• Competitors see Judges taking action and understand the limits of rule 42.
• The second, third and subsequent penalties are severe enough to
discourage competitors from breaking the rule.
• Competitors are much more aware of the circumstances at the time of
the penalty, enabling a more useful discussion after the race.

Disadvantages

• When the competitors are in a tight bunch, a delay can occur before
Judges can signal the penalty (e.g. sculling at the start). This causes
confusion and reactions from competitors (e.g., ‘I wasn't doing anything’).
• The number of on-the-water Judges is frequently insufficient to monitor
the whole fleet consistently. Consequently, the competitors believe the
judging to be inconsistent because the Judges will miss some severe
infractions, while seeing and then penalizing other less severe
infractions.
• The Jury boats may be inadequate to motor through the fleet, preventing
the Judges from monitoring the whole fleet evenly.
• Competitors may tend to not take their personal responsibility for obeying
rule 42.
• When they think the Judges are not watching, they may increase their
kinetics until they get caught, believing that the gains they make will be
worth the risk of the occasional Two Turns Penalty.

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