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【经验交流】 DOI: 10.19289/j.1004-227x.2018.01.005
爆破引线用镀锌钢丝色差成因分析
徐士新 1, 2, *,王坤 1, 2 ,孙齐松 1, 2
(1.首钢集团有限公司技术研究院,北京 100043;2.绿色可循环钢铁流程北京市重点实验室,北京 100043)
摘要:针对某批次爆破引线用镀锌超低碳钢丝出现色差缺陷的问题,采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、激光扫
描共聚焦显微镜(LSCM)以及能谱仪(EDS)对比分析了正常试样和有色差试样的微观结构、表面粗糙度与元素组成,得出镀锌层
出现色差的原因是镀锌前钢丝基材表面的氧化铁皮未除净和机械擦伤。通过减少热轧方坯的驻炉时间,提高除鳞水压力,适当
增加工作锥角度,减小定径带长度等措施可显著减少镀锌钢丝的色差缺陷。
关键词:爆破引线;超低碳钢;电镀锌;色差;缺陷;氧化铁皮;机械擦伤
中图分类号:TQ153.15 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1004 – 227X (2018) 01 – 0018 – 05
Cause analysis of color difference of zinc-electroplated steel wires used as explosive fuses // XU Shi-xin*,
WANG Kun, SUN Qi-song
Abstract: Aiming at solving the problem of color difference of zinc-electroplated ultra-low-carbon steel wires used as
explosive fuses, the microstructure, surface roughness and elemental composition of normal samples and the ones with color
difference defect were analyzed by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), laser scanning confocal
microscopy (LSCM), and energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS). It is shown that the color difference of electroplated zinc
coating is caused by the residual oxide scales on the surface of steel wire prior to zinc electroplating and by mechanical
scratching. Such defect can be significantly reduced by reducing the heating time of hot rolled billet in furnace, increasing the
pressure of descaling water, enlarging the angle of working cone properly, and decreasing the length of calibrating strap.
Keywords: explosive fuse; ultra-low-carbon steel; zinc electroplating; color difference; defect; oxide scale; mechanical
scratch
First-author’s address: Research Institute of Technology, Shougang Group Corporation, Beijing 100043, China
在爆破行业,爆破引线用钢一般为超低碳钢,特殊的使用性能要求其具有良好的韧性及导电性,同
时为保证其耐蚀性 [1-3] ,拉拔结束后需进行电镀锌处理。其主要生产流程为:热轧盘条剥壳→酸洗→水洗→
皂化→烘干→粗拉拔(直径 6.5 mm 的盘条经 8 ~ 9 道次拉拔至直径为 1.9 mm)→一次退火→精拉拔(经
19 道次拉拔至直径为 0.52 mm)→二次退火→酸洗→水洗→电镀锌→塑化包装 [4-6] 。
某批次爆破引线用钢镀锌后出现色差问题,影响了产品外观。为查明缺陷产生的原因,本文进行了
分析。
1 色差缺陷特征
肉眼观察有色差的试样和正常试样发现,有色差的试样表面呈阶段性泛黄,正常试样则通体光亮(见
图 1)。利用光学显微镜观察发现(见图 2),有色差的试样表面颜色灰暗,无光泽,多处出现暗斑,表面
存在较多沟壑,较粗糙;正常试样表面则相对光滑。
(a) 有色差的试样 (b) 正常试样
(a) Sample with color difference defect (b) Normal sample
图 1 镀锌钢丝照片
Figure 1 Photos of zinc-electroplated steel wires
收稿日期:2017–09–28 修回日期:2017–12–29
作者简介:徐士新(1989–),男,山东聊城人,硕士,工程师,主要研究方向为高品质特殊钢性能优化工艺的研究。
作者联系方式:(E-mail) xushixin@shougang.com.cn。
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