Page 181 - Complete First B2 (third edition) Student Book

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Non-definingrelative clauses 4 The doctor I was hoping to see wasn’t on
duty when I arrived at the medical centre.
• Relative clauses which give us extra information are called
non-definingrelative clauses: 5 The woman spoke at the meeting was very
The American athletes, who trained harder than their knowledgeable.
competitors, won12 gold medals.
We already know which athletes (the American ones);who 6 That’s the man .. dog attacked the postman.
trained harder than their competitors does not tell us which
athletes we are talking about;it just adds extra information.

There are differences in grammar:
THIRD CONDITIONAL
definingrelative non-defining
clauses... relative clauses ... We use the third conditional to talk about:
don’t have commas use commas (or pauses in • something which did not happen in the past and its results,
use the following relative spoken English) which are imaginary:
pronouns:who,which,whose, use the following relative If you had texted me yesterday, / would not have forgotten
where, when and why pronouns: who, which, whose, that I had an appointment at the hospital. (You didn’t text me
can use that instead of who where and when yesterday and I forgot I had an appointment at the hospital.)
If he hadn’t jumped out of the way of the speeding car; it would
or which don’t use that
have run him over. (He jumped out of the way of the speeding
Who,which or that can be The relative pronoun cannot car, so it didn’t run him over.)
omitted when they are the be omitted.
object of the clause:The Notes
eye drops ( - which/that) the • We can contract the third conditional as follows:
/
optician gave me should be If youd texted me yesterday,I wouldn ’ t have forgotten that I
used twice a day. had an appointment at the hospital.
• We can usecould and might instead of would:
If I had revised more for the exam, I could have passed it. (I had
PRACTICE
the ability to pass the exam, but I didn t pass it,because I
’
Q Choose the correct relative pronoun.
didn’t revise well enough.) PDF from sachtienganhhanoi.com
1 Vienna,which / where / whose is the capital of Austria,is a If the temperature had been slightly higher; we might have
city famous for its history and culture. had a picnic in the countryside. (The picnic was a possibility.)
If the temperature had been slightly higher, we would have
2 Melanie, who / whose / which mother is from Kyoto,speaks
English and Japanese fluently. had a picnic in the countryside. (The picnic was a certainty.)
3 This phone,who / which / where I bought on holiday,takes
absolutely superb photos. MIXED CONDITIONALS
4 Buckingham Palace,which / where / whose members of • When we want to use a conditional sentence to talk about
the British royal family live, is located in the centre of both the past and the present, we can use the second
London. conditional in one part of the sentence and the third
5 Ms Wilde,who / which / where is my physicsteacher, is conditional in the other:
going to retire soon. If the cost of even the cheapest seats wasn’t so high (2nd
conditional,present time),we’d have gone to see the opera
6 The film star Russell Crowe,which / who / whose has (3rd conditional, past time).
starred in numerous successful films, was born in New The cost of even the cheapest seats is high and that is why
Zealand. the speaker didn’t go to see the opera.
If the runner hadn’t collapsed fifty metres from the finishing
O Complete the sentences with a relative pronoun. line (3rd conditional, past time),she would be the winner {2nd
1 The abstract painting was damaged by conditional,present time).
yesterday’s fire is beingrepaired. The runner collapsed fifty metres from the finishing line and
that is why she isn’t the winner this year.
2 The place the lorry had been abandoned
was a pedestrian precinct. Note: You cannot use zero or first conditionals in mixed
conditional sentences.
3 The reason I came here early this morning
is none of your business.

Grammar reference