Page 1175 - Veterinary Toxicology, Basic and Clinical Principles, 3rd Edition

Water Quality and Contaminants Chapter | 80 1107

VetBooks.ir TABLE 80.4 Water Quality Recommendations for Human Drinking Water: Selected Contaminants

Body
Exposure Above Maximum
Establishing Maximum Acceptable Concentration (mg/L) Potential Health Effects From
US EPA Canadian WHO
Guidelines Acceptable Concentration (US EPA)
Chemical
Arsenic 0.010 0.025 0.01 Skin damage or problems with
(provisional) circulatory system; may have increased
risk of cancer
Cadmium 0.005 0.005 0.003 Kidney damage
Calcium
Chloride 250 #250 (aesthetic objective) No health
(secondary) concerns at
usual
concentrations
Chromium 0.1 0.05 0.05 Allergic dermatitis
(provisional)
Copper 1.3 #1.0 (aesthetic objective) 2 Short-term exposure: gastrointestinal
distress
Long-term exposure: liver or kidney
damage; in cases of Wilson’s Disease
consult physician about max.
acceptable concentration
Fluoride 4.0 1.5 (adjust to 0.8 1.0, optimal for 1.5 Pain and tenderness of the bones;
control of dental caries) mottled teeth in children
Hardness
Iron 0.3 #0.3 (aesthetic objective) No health
(secondary) concerns at
usual
concentrations
Lead 0.015 0.010 0.01 Infants and children: physical or mental
development delays, slight attention
span deficits and learning disabilities
Adults: kidney problems, hypertension
Mercury 0.002 0.001 0.001 (total) Kidney damage
(inorganic)
Nitrate (as N) 10 Infants ,6 months old: blue-baby
syndrome
2
(as NO ) 45 50 (short term)
3
Nitrite (as N) 1 Infants ,6 months old: blue-baby
syndrome
2
(as NO ) ,3.2, where nitrite is measured in 3 (short term)
2
addition to nitrate
0.2
(long term,
provisional)
Selenium 0.05 0.01 0.01 Hair or fingernail loss; numbness in
extremities; circulatory problems
Sulfate 250 #500 (aesthetic objective) No health
(secondary) concerns at
usual
concentrations
(Continued )