Page 217 - Hand rearing birds second

Table­12.1­ Penguin egg incubation and hatching parameters for the most common species.

Hatcher Hatcher
Incubation­Temperature Incubation­Humidity­ Temperature Humidity Median­Incubation­ Range­Incubation­ Pip to Hatch
o
o
o
o
Species ( F/ C) (%RH) ( F/ C) (%RH) Period (days) Period (days) Interval­(hours)
Emperor 96.5/35.8 51–54 95.5/35.3 74 64 62–65 24–48
King 96.5/35.8 51–54 95.5/35.3 74 54 52–56 24–48
Adélie 96.5/35.8 51–54 95.5/35.3 74 37 34–40 24–72
Chinstrap 96.5/35.8 51–54 95.5/35.3 74 35 33–36 24–48
Gentoo 97.5/36.4 52–54 96.5/35.8 74 38 36–42 24–48
Macaroni 97.5/36.4 52–54 96.5/35.8 74 37 36–42 24–72
Northern 96.5/35.8 51–54 95.5/35.3 74 35 32–36 24–48
Rockhopper
Southern 96.5/35.8 51–54 95.5/35.3 74 DD 32–34 24–48
Rockhopper
Magellanic 97.5/36.4 52–54 96.5/35.8 74 41 38–44 24–48
(93.2/34 measured at
Punto Tombo)
Humboldt 96.5/35.8 51–54 95.5/35.3 74 41 38–42 36–60
African 96.5/35.8 55 96.5/35.8 >80 38 38–42 24–48
Little 97.7 50–60 97.7 60 36 33–37 24–72
Borboroglu and Boersma (2015), including data from Steve Sarro, Seana Flossic and Heather Urquhart (pers. comm.), and merged with SeaWorld data. DD = data deficient.

0004509164.indd 204 1/17/2020 5:35:32 PM