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Ionophore Toxicosis 563.e3

Chronic Treatment PROGNOSIS & OUTCOME Prevention
• Nutritional support may be needed for days • Poor if extensive damage to skeletal muscle Do not allow dogs and cats to enter cattle or
VetBooks.ir • Good nursing care is very important during • The relative degree of myofibrosis determines animals are being fed. Diseases and Disorders
poultry farms where ionophores are stored or
to weeks (pp. 1106 and 1107).
occurs
recumbency (turn frequently, avoid urine
Technician Tips
scald).
long-term prognosis.
• Patient should not be stressed (minimize • May require retirement of high-performance Subtle signs of muscle pain (myalgia), includ-
activity) and should be rested for several patients (e.g., breeding, sporting, trial dogs) ing mild lameness or new-onset tenderness or
weeks (muscle recovery). resentment of palpation over thigh or lumbar
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS muscles, may not be apparent in the exam room
Drug Interactions but may first be detected during handling or
Administration of chloramphenicol, tiamulin, Comments longer interaction with an affected dog.
erythromycin, sulfonamides, calcium channel • Occurrence of ionophore toxicosis in dogs
blockers, or cardiac glycosides is contraindicated and cats is low. SUGGESTED READING
because they can potentiate ionophore toxicosis. • Monensin: canine acute oral LD50 = 10-20 Hall JO: Ionophores. In Peterson ME, et al, editors:
mg/kg Small animal toxicology, ed 3, St. Louis, 2013,
Possible Complications • Lasalocid: field cases reported at 166-210 Elsevier, pp 589-594.
• Skeletal muscle fibrosis, vacuolization mg/kg/day in dog food (10-15 mg/kg/day
of peripheral sensory and motor nerves of lasalocid) RELATED CLIENT EDUCATION
possible • Salinomycin: reported oral toxicosis in cats SHEET
• Permanent neurologic defects are possible at 440 mg/kg in cat food
• Relay (secondary) toxicosis has been reported How to Induce Vomiting
Recommended Monitoring in dogs consuming dead chickens containing
• Cardiac, renal, acid-base, and muscle ionophores (lasalocid). AUTHOR & EDITOR: Tina Wismer, DVM, MS, DABVT,
chemistries • Intoxication from accidental ionophore DABT
• Urinalysis adulteration of dog and cat food has been
• ECG reported.

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