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Radiographic Interpretation, Thorax 1155

SUGGESTED READING RELATED CLIENT EDUCATION AUTHORS: Donald R. Krawiec, DVM, PhD, DACVIM;
Nyland TG, et al: Needle-tract implantation following SHEETS Lenore Mohammadian, DVM, MSpVM, DACVR
EDITORS: Leah A. Cohn, DVM, PhD, DACVIM; Mark S.
VetBooks.ir transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder, urethra, Consent to Perform Abdominal Ultrasound Thompson, DVM, DABVP
ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy of
and prostate. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 43:50-53,
Consent to Perform Castration, Canine
2002.
Consent to Perform General Anesthesia
Reproduced from the third edition in modified Consent to Perform Cystocentesis
form. Consent to Perform Fine-Needle Aspiration
of Masses

Procedures and Procedures and Techniques Techniques
Radiographic Interpretation, Thorax Client Education Bonus Material
Online
Sheet

Difficulty level: ♦ • Right and left lateral views vary slightly in are necessary for assessment for aspiration
appearance and can be used in a comple- pneumonia or metastases.
Overview and Goal mentary fashion for optimal evaluation. • Use a systematic approach. For example, an
Stepwise interpretation of thoracic radiographs inside-out approach starts with evaluation
to curate a list of differential diagnoses Possible Complications and of the cardiac silhouette and ends in the
Common Errors to Avoid periphery of the radiograph with the body
Anticipated Time • Do not base a diagnosis on incomplete or wall and musculoskeletal structures.
Anticipated time to evaluate thoracic radio- poor-quality radiographic studies. • Assess for proper patient positioning and
graphs is 15 minutes. • Evaluate the entire image, not only the radiographic technique. Rotation may
intrathoracic structures. Lesions such as bone cause inaccurate assessment of cardiac
Preparation: Important lysis or discospondylitis can otherwise be size.
Checkpoints missed. • The appearance of the canine thorax varies
• Ventrodorsal (VD) and dorsoventral (DV) • Distinguish cutaneous structures such as skin significantly with breed.
views have different advantages and disad- tags from pulmonary nodules by applying • Assess patient’s body condition; excess fat
vantages that can be weighed before taking barium to the cutaneous structures and may obscure the lung fields.
radiographs. repeating radiographs. Heart:
○ A DV view is useful in cardiovascular • The clock-face analogy is used to evaluate
evaluation due to consistent positioning Procedure the cardiac silhouette. Enlargements in the
of the heart and clear visualization of the General: cardiac chambers, aorta, pulmonary artery,
pulmonary vessels, especially in barrel- • At least two orthogonal views (lateral and as well as cardiac masses can result in a
chested patients. VD/DV) should be evaluated. Three views convex appearance in that specific region
○ The DV view is preferred for patients in (right lateral, left lateral, and VD/DV) of the cardiac silhouette.
respiratory distress.

RADIOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION, THORAX Left-sided congestive heart RADIOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION, THORAX Megaesophagus with aspiration
failure (CHF). Lateral thoracic radiograph of a 13-year-old Maltese terrier cross with pneumonia. Left lateral thoracic radiograph of a 9-year-old beagle with regurgitation
left-sided CHF. Note the severe left atrial enlargement (thick black arrows) and left and hypersalivation. Note the generalized esophageal dilation (Vs). A lobar sign
ventricular enlargement characterized by the dorsal displacement of the trachea. (thick black arrows) is seen between the right middle and right caudal lung lobes.
Pulmonary veins (thin black arrows) are enlarged compared with the corresponding Prominent air bronchograms can be seen in the right cranial (white arrows) and
arteries (white arrows), and a caudodorsally distributed unstructured interstitial right middle lung lobes (thin black arrows). Polyradiculoneuritis was suspected.
pulmonary pattern is seen.

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