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Acid-Base Disorders 1397

Acid-Base Disorders
VetBooks.ir Blood pH*

Below normal Above normal

Acidemia Alkalemia

HCO 3 PaCO 2 HCO 3 PaCO 2
below normal above normal above normal below normal

Primary metabolic Primary respiratory Primary metabolic Primary respiratory
acidosis acidosis alkalosis alkalosis

PaCO 2 ↓0.7 mm Hg for ACUTE PaCO 2 ↑0.7 mm Hg for ACUTE
each 1 mEq/L↓in HCO HCO ↑0.15 mEq/L for each 1 mEq/L↑in HCO HCO 3 ↓0.25 mEq/L for
3
3
3
each 1 mm Hg↑in PaCO 2 each 1 mm Hg↓in PaCO 2
CHRONIC CHRONIC
HCO ↑0.35 mEq/L for HCO 3 ↓0.55 mEq/L for
3
each 1 mm Hg↑in PaCO 2 each 1 mm Hg↓in PaCO 2

*pH may be in reference range due to compensation or mixed acid-base disorders.
(From Slatter DH: Textbook of small animal surgery, ed 3, St. Louis, 2003, Saunders.)

Clinical Algorithms

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