Page 292 - Cote clinical veterinary advisor dogs and cats 4th

Blue-Green Algae Toxicosis 125.e3

○ Diazepam for seizures: 0.5-2 mg/kg IV gamma-glutamyltransferase [GGT], alkaline Technician Tips
phosphatase [ALP]) and blood glucose
prn; other antiseizure medications (e.g., • Serum bile acids Presence of algae on the muzzle or dog’s body
VetBooks.ir • Supportive care • CBC, hematocrit owner about possible exposure. Diseases and Disorders
barbiturates) if diazepam is ineffective
should warrant further questioning from the
○ Control vomiting with maropitant 1 mg/
• Body temperature
kg SQ q 24h or 2 mg/kg PO q 24h or
metoclopramide 0.1-0.4 mg/kg PO, SQ, PROGNOSIS & OUTCOME SUGGESTED READING
Hilborn ED, et al: One health and cyanobacteria in
or IM q 6h. freshwater systems: animal illnesses and deaths are
○ Treat signs of acute hepatic failure. Typical Poor prognosis with systemic signs of sentinel events for human health risks. Toxins
therapeutics may include acute hepatic damage or severe neurologic (Basel) 7:1374-1395, 2015.
Lactulose dysfunction
■
S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) ADDITIONAL SUGGESTED
■
Dietary management READINGS
■ PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
■ Vitamin K 1 Beasley VR, et al: Diagnostic and clinically important
Plasma and/or whole blood transfusions Comments
■ aspects of cyanobacterial (blue-green algae) toxi-
IV fluids (possibly including 5% • In dogs, BGA poisoning is a sporadic cause coses. J Vet Diagn Invest 1:359-365, 1989.
■
dextrose) of acute illness and death. Cherry C, et al: Freshwater harmful algal blooms
Broad-spectrum antibiotics for second- • Lethal doses of purified MCLR: rat, 160 mg/ and cyanotoxin poisoning in domestic dogs. J Am
■
ary infection if indicated kg IP; mouse, 100 mg/kg IP Vet Med Assoc 247:1004-1005, 2015.
• LD50 dose of purified anatoxin-a in mouse AUTHOR: Mary Schell, DVM, DABT, DABVT
Possible Complications = 200 mg/kg IP and anatoxin-a (or analog) EDITOR: Tina Wismer, DVM, MS, DABVT, DABT
Permanent hepatic insufficiency = 30 mg/kg IP.
Recommended Monitoring Prevention
• Serum chemistry profile, especially liver- Do not allow dogs to swim or drink water
specific enzymes (alanine aminotransferase from ponds or fountains contaminated with
[ALT], aspartate aminotransferase [AST], BGA.

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