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300 Eosinophilic Granuloma Complex

Eosinophilic Granuloma Complex Client Education
Sheet
VetBooks.ir BASIC INFORMATION ○ Erythematous, raised plaquelike skin

DISEASE FORMS/SUBTYPES
Definition Clinical Presentation lesions, commonly on the ventral
abdomen, perianal region, and medial
• Cats: group of distinct cutaneous or oral Three distinct clinical presentations in cats: thighs; variable pruritus and pain
reaction patterns with eosinophilic infiltrate • Eosinophilic granuloma (formerly called Two major forms in dogs:
• Dogs: rare disease process characterized by collagenolytic granuloma, linear granuloma) • Single or multiple (often confluent) ulcerated
single or multiple ulcerated lesions in oral • Indolent ulcer (synonyms: eosinophilic ulcer, lesions on soft palate and lateral pharyngeal
cavity rodent ulcer) mucosa, especially in CKCS
• Eosinophilic plaque • Firm, raised, yellowish to brownish pink,
Synonyms irregular, ulcerated lesions with well-
Feline eosinophilic skin diseases, indolent ulcer, HISTORY, CHIEF COMPLAINT demarcated edges on lateral or ventral tongue
eosinophilic plaque, rodent ulcer Lesions may be insidious in onset. surfaces or lingual frenulum; especially in
• Skin lesions associated with pruritus, pain Siberian Huskies and Alaskan Malamutes
Epidemiology • Oral lesions associated with dysphagia,
SPECIES, AGE, SEX ptyalism, halitosis, inappetence Etiology and Pathophysiology
More common in cats than dogs. Lesions are • Generally regarded as different reaction
more common in young animals. PHYSICAL EXAM FINDINGS patterns to underlying antigenic stimulation
Three major forms in cats (all three forms may (hypersensitivity reaction), most commonly
GENETICS, BREED PREDISPOSITION be observed in the same patient): arthropods (fleas, mosquitoes), food, and
• Cats: no breed predisposition • Eosinophilic granuloma contact or environmental (house dust mites,
• Dogs: Siberian Huskies, Alaskan Malamutes, ○ Erythematous, alopecic, raised, linear skin pollens) allergies
Cavalier King Charles spaniels (CKCS) lesions on lateral thorax, lateral shoulder, • Other reported causes include viral and
appear to be predisposed. or caudal aspect of thighs; variable pruritus bacterial infections, chronic trauma, poor
and pain oral hygiene, genetic heritable eosinophilic
CONTAGION AND ZOONOSIS ○ Nodules in oral cavity (dorsal and lateral dysregulation, and immune-mediated
Multiple cases in multi-cat households and tongue surfaces, hard and soft palate, reaction.
experimental transmission from one area of a cat glossopharyngeal folds) or at chin; surface
to another suggest an infectious or allergic cause. often is speckled with small, dense white DIAGNOSIS
areas.
GEOGRAPHY AND SEASONALITY • Indolent ulcer Diagnostic Overview
Worldwide; warm weather seasonality may be ○ Well-demarcated ulcer (raised edges sur- The diagnosis is primarily visual and is con-
observed. round a pink-yellow ulcerated surface) on firmed by biopsy.
the upper lip (midline or adjacent to the
ASSOCIATED DISORDERS maxillary canine tooth); may also affect the Differential Diagnosis
Miliary dermatitis or symmetrical alopecia may philtrum; nonpruritic, apparently painless • Eosinophilic granuloma and plaque: cutane-
be noted concurrently in cats. • Eosinophilic plaque ous lymphoma, mast cell tumor, squamous

EOSINOPHILIC GRANULOMA COMPLEX Eosinophilic ulcer of the upper lip EOSINOPHILIC GRANULOMA COMPLEX Eosinophilic plaque on the abdomen
and eosinophilic granuloma on the palate of a cat. (Copyright Dr. Manon Paradis.) of a cat. (Copyright Dr. Frédéric Sauvé.)

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