Page 157 - A Practical Guide to Equine Radiography

138 A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO EQUINE RADIOGRAPHY

Table 14.1 Radiographic projections for evaluation of the equine head.
VetBooks.ir Examination Radiographic projection Structures evaluated

area

Premaxilla Laterolateral (LL) Incisive bone and rostral mandible
(incisor bone) Dorsoventral (DV) Incisive bone and rostral mandible
and rostral
mandible Intraoral dorsoventral (DV) Maxillary incisors and incisive bone
Intraoral ventrodorsal (VD) Mandibular incisors and rostral
mandible
Nasal Laterolateral (LL) Nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses
cavity and Dorsoventral (DV) Nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses
paranasal and zygomatic arch
sinuses
Right 30º dorsal-left ventral oblique (R30D-LVO) Maxillary cheek teeth, paranasal
and Left 30º dorsal-right ventral oblique (L30D- sinuses and orbit
RVO)

Right 75º dorsal-left ventral oblique (R75D-LVO) Maxillary sinuses and orbit
and Left 75º dorsal-right ventral oblique (L75D-
RVO)
Open-mouth Right 15º ventral-left dorsal oblique Maxillary cheek teeth erupted
(R15V-LDO) and Left 15º ventral-right dorsal crowns
oblique (L15V-RDO)
Offset mandible dorsoventral (DV) Maxillary cheek teeth
Mandible Laterolateral (LL) Mandible (body)
(body) Right 45º ventral-left dorsal oblique (R45V-LDO) Mandible (body) and mandibular
and Left 45º ventral-right dorsal oblique (L45V- cheek teeth
RDO)
Open-mouth Right 10º dorsal-left ventral oblique Mandibular cheek teeth erupted
(R10D-LVO) and Left 10º dorsal-right ventral crowns
oblique (L10D-RVO)
Caudal skull Laterolateral (LL) Cranial vault, temporomandibular
joint, tympanohyoid articulation
and vertical mandibular rami

Ventrodorsal (VD) Cranial vault, petrous temporal
bone, stylohyoid bone, vertical
mandibular rami, paracondylar
processes, occipital condyles and
zygomatic arch
Rostro 35º latero 50º ventral-caudodorsal Temporomandibular joint
oblique (R35L50V-CdDO)
Pharynx Laterolateral (LL) Pharynx, larynx, guttural pouches
and soft palate

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