Page 416 - Hand rearing birds second

Alcids 409

Figure­25.1­ Common Murre chick standing on a pool
haul-out. Source: photo courtesy of International Bird
Rescue.

Evaluate the plumage of each chick to determine the level of waterproofing. Place birds with
good plumage, which properly sheds water, directly into an enclosure with pool facilities
(Figure 25.1). Never offer standing containers of water to any of the alcids since this results in
compromised plumage and hypothermia. Plumage that is excessively worn, oiled, and/or absorbs
water precludes the introduction of the bird to open water. Transfer these birds with compromised
feathers to suitable holding areas and provide supplemental heat. Poor plumage may indicate
underlying and/or long-term health problems that may be investigated further.

­ Common­Medical­Problems

The duration of residence in a rehabilitation facility should be as short as possible to minimize
the risk of medical issues (Molina-López et al. 2013). Wild-stranded chicks presented for rehabili-
tation may be extremely emaciated or anemic upon arrival and may require intensive care and
thermoregulatory support.

Parasitism
Ectoparasites, such as lice and ticks, adversely affect alcids, reducing growth rates and the condi-
tion of the plumage (Muzaffar and Jones 2004). Utilize a water-based pyrethrin spray to eliminate
these infestations. Any spray or other substance used on the feathers must not damage or leave a
residue on the plumage that will interfere with the waterproofing capabilities. Avoid oil- or petro-
leum-based products.
Perform a direct fecal analysis to evaluate for endoparasites; coccidia are common. Fledglings
may also present with hemoparasites such as Babesia uriae (Yabsley et al. 2009). Screening birds by