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Because these birds are diurnal, release them early in the day in good weather. Preview the
release area to discover the movements and locations at the proposed release time of flocks, pairs,
or families.

Sources­for Products­Mentioned
AstroTurf, www.astroturfmats.com., www.grassworxllc.com.
Kit and Kaboodle cat food, Purina Mills, Nestlé Purina PetCare Company, Checkerboard Square,
St. Louis, MO 63164, (314) 982-1000, www.http://purina.com.
Pet Screen, Phifer Inc., P O Box 1700, Tuscaloosa, AL 35403-1700, (205) 345-2120, www.phifer.com.
Portapet-Cardboard Pet Carrier, www.amazon.com, www.petsmart.com, optimum size is 24 in. × 12
in. × 18 in.
Sisal Rope (natural fiber rope): LeHigh, 2834 Schoeneck Road, Macungie, PA 18062, (610) 966-
9702, www.lehighgroup.com.
Suet Baskets, Item #1472: Arcata Pet Supplies, (800) 822-9085, www.arcatapet.com.
Teat Cannula (Cannula): www.squirrelstore.com.
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Septra), www.pfizer.com.

References

Gill, F. and Donsker D. (eds.). (2019). IOC World Bird List (v9.1). https://doi.org/10.14344/IOC.ML.9.1.
Miller, E.A. (ed.) (2012). Minimum Standards for Wildlife Rehabilitation, 4e. St. Cloud, MN: National
Wildlife Rehabilitation Association.
Zylberberg, M., Van Hemert, C., Dumbacher, J.P. et al. Novel picornavirus associated with avian keratin
disorder in Alaskan birds. mBio 7 (4): e00874–e00816. https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00874-16.

Further Reading

Alderfer, J. (2006). National Geographic Complete Birds of North America. Washington, DC: National
Geographic.
Angell, T. (1978). Ravens, Crows, Magpies, and Jays. Seattle, Washington: University of Washington
Press.
Caffrey, C. (2003). Determining impacts of West Nile Virus on crows and other birds. In: American
Birds, Summary of the 103rd Christmas Bird Count. National Audubon Society, pp. 12–13. https://
www.audubon.org/sites/default/files/103_c-wnvintro.pdf.
Ehrlich, P.R., Dobkin, D.S., and Wheye, D. (1988). The Birder’s Handbook, 406–421. New York: Simon
and Schuster Inc.
Elston, C.F. (1991). Ravensong. Flagstaff, Arizona: Northland Publishing Co.
Emlen, J.T. Jr. (1936). Age determination in the American Crow. The Condor 38 (3): 99–102.
Emlen, J.T. Jr. (1942). Notes on nesting colony of Western Crows. Bird Banding 13: 143–154.
nd
Friedman, E. (2004). Magpie rehabilitation. In: Selected Papers from the 22 annual National Wildlife
Rehabilitation Association symposium, Orlando, FL, March 2–6, 2004.
Friedman, E. and Petersen, S. (2001). Care for the Western Scrub Jay and Steller’s Jay. In: Selected
th
Papers from the 19 annual National Wildlife Rehabilitation Association symposium, Lake Tahoe,
NV, March 13–17, 2001.