Page 284 - Small Animal Internal Medicine, 6th Edition

256 PART II Respiratory System Disorders

primary disease entity, improvement in nasal discharge may as radiographic and rhinoscopic findings, and serologic
be seen if the bacterial component of the problem is treated; titers. Fungal growth supports a diagnosis of mycotic rhinitis
VetBooks.ir however, the improvement is generally transient unless the only when other data also support the diagnosis. The fact
that fungal infection occasionally occurs secondary to nasal
underlying disease process can be corrected. Some animals
in which a primary disease process is never identified or
and monitoring of therapeutic response. The sensitivity of
cannot be corrected (e.g., cats with chronic rhinosinusitis) tumors should not be overlooked during initial evaluation
respond well to long-term antibiotic therapy. Sensitivity data fungal culture can be greatly enhanced by collecting a swab
from bacterial cultures considered to represent significant or biopsy for culture directly from a fungal plaque or granu-
infection may help in antibiotic selection. (See Chapter 15 loma with rhinoscopic guidance.
for further therapeutic recommendations.)
The role of Mycoplasma spp. in respiratory tract infections Suggested Readings
of dogs and cats is still being elucidated, although a recent Harcourt-Brown N. Rhinoscopy in the dog, part I: anatomy and
systematic review found a significant association between techniques. In Pract. 2006;18:170.
the isolation of Mycoplasma felis and upper respiratory tract LeBoedec K. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the associa-
signs in cats (LeBoedec, 2017). Cultures or polymerized tion between Mycoplasma spp and upper and lower respiratory
chain reaction (PCR) for Mycoplasma spp. and treatment tract disease in cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2017;250:397.
with appropriate antibiotics are a consideration for cats with McCarthy TC. Rhinoscopy: the diagnostic approach to chronic
nasal disease. In: McCarthy TR, ed. Veterinary endoscopy for the
chronic rhinosinusitis. small animal practitioner. St Louis: Saunders; 2005:137.
A diagnosis of nasal aspergillosis or penicilliosis requires Saylor DK, Williams JE. Rhinoscopy. In: Tams TR, Rawlins CA, eds.
the presence of several supportive signs, and fungal cultures Small animal endoscopy. 3rd ed. Elsevier Mosby; 2011:563.
are indicated whenever fungal disease is one of the differen- Wilson M, et al. Small animal skull and nasofacial radiography,
tial diagnoses. The growth of Aspergillus or Penicillium including the nasal cavity and frontal sinuses. Today’s Veterinary
organisms is considered along with other clinical data, such Practice. 2014;4:47.