Page 966 - Small Animal Internal Medicine, 6th Edition

938 PART VIII Reproductive System Disorders

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DISCHARGE, VULVA None Small Hemorrhagic Enlarged Serosanguineous Enlarged Diminishing sanguineous Modest enlargement

REPRODUCTIVE ACTIVITY Uterine involution/ repair Folliculogenesis Ovulation Ova maturation Copulation Fertilization Implantation Pregnancy or pseudopregnancy

VAGINOSCOPY Flat, white Edematous, pink Progressive crenulation Flat

VAGINAL CYTOLOGY Scant parabasals RBCs, parabasals transitioning to intermediates and superficials Superficials ± bacteria, RBCs Parabasals Neutrophils ±Bacteria

IMPORTANT HORMONES E baseline (2-10 pg/mL) P nadir (<1 ng/mL) GnRH pulsatile increase FSH moderate elevation LH slight elevation E peaks (50-100 pg/mL) P rises (1.5-4 ng/mL) GnRH pulsatile FSH increases LH surges (>1) E declines P rises (4-35+ ng/mL) E low P elevated (15-80 mg/mL) then declines LH pulsatile Prolactin rises E, Estrogen; FSH, follicle-stimulating hormone; GnRH, gonadotropin-releasing hormone; LH, luteinizing h

Salient Characteristics of the Canine Estrous Cycle

BEHAVIOR Asexual Attractive Not receptive Receptive Not receptive, diminished attractiveness

TABLE 54.1 LENGTH 1-6 months 3 days-3 weeks 3 days-3 weeks 2-3 months

STAGE Anestrus Proestrus Estrus Diestrus