Page 370 - Canine Lameness

342 19 Stifle Region

(A) (C) (E) (G)

(B) (D) (F) (H)

STIFLE REGION

Figure 19.20 Other diseases affecting the stifle region: (A–D) patient with proximal tibial valgus resulting
in visible (C) angular limb deformity – note that the (A) lateral view shows (white arrow) both condyles
(rather than the condyles being superimposed) indicating the deformity. The extent of the deformity can
further be classified based on the (B) craniocaudal view and (D) CT; (E, F) patient with traumatic avulsion of
the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle – note the (white arrow) distally displaced medial fabella. The
stifle is otherwise normal indicating that this is an isolated injury; (G, H) patient with (black arrows)
calcification of the LDE tendon and changes indicative of CCLD (which was confirmed at the time of surgery).
19.10.4 Stifle Region Neoplasia

Neoplasia of the stifle region is a common differential diagnosis because of the predilection site for
osteosarcoma (Figure 22.1). Histiocytic sarcoma, villonodular synovitis, and lymphoma have all
been reported in the stifle. Radiography as a first-line diagnostic and additional imaging and/or
diagnostics should be considered if neoplasia is suspected. Further details about neoplastic condi-
tions affecting the region are provided in Chapters 11 and 22.

19.10.5 Miscellaneous Other Conditions
Although Panosteitis more commonly affects the long bones of the thoracic limb, it can also affect
the femur and tibia and should therefore be considered a differential diagnosis in juvenile patients
with shifting limb lameness and pain on long bone palpation (Chapter 14).
Septic arthritis is an important differential diagnosis particularly if the patient has a history of
recent stifle surgery. However, hematogenous or local spread as well as spontaneous septic
arthritis (Chapter 14) have all been described in the stifle.