Page 879 - Small Animal Clinical Nutrition 5th Edition

910 Small Animal Clinical Nutrition

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Figure 1. Ventrodorsal survey abdominal radiograph of a nine-week- Figure 2. Positive-contrast retrograde urethrocystogram of the same
old male dog with multiple radiodense urocystoliths (arrow). dog described in Figure 1. Note the vesicourachal diverticulum (top
arrow) and narrowing of the proximal portion of the urethra (bottom
arrow).

Figure 3. Double-contrast cystogram with at least eight uroliths in Figure 4. Survey abdominal radiograph obtained 10 days following
the bladder lumen. Radiopaque contrast medium has refluxed into initiation of therapy with an antibiotic and a food designed to dis-
the periurethral tissue in the area of the prostate gland. The urethral solve struvite uroliths. Radiodense uroliths cannot be detected within
lumen contains air bubbles surrounded by contrast medium. the urinary tract.

by the prostate gland.
b
Dietary and medical therapy included a combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid (Clavamox ) given orally and feeding a
a
food designed to aid in dissolution of struvite uroliths (Prescription Diet s/d Canine ). Compared with typical dog foods,
Prescription Diet s/d Canine is greatly reduced in protein (7.9% dry matter [DM]), reduced in phosphorus (0.10% DM), calcium
(0.31% DM) and magnesium (0.02% DM) and produces a more acidic urine (target urinary pH = 5.9 to 6.1). The puppy was fed
one-half can three times daily (700 kcal [2.93 MJ]).
Gross hematuria and dysuria progressively declined. A urine sample collected by cystocentesis 10 days later revealed acidification
of the urine and marked reduction in the inflammatory response (Table 1). Formation of less concentrated urine (reduction in renal
medullary urea concentration) and marked reduction in serum urea nitrogen concentration (Table 2) was attributed to the low-pro-
tein food. Aerobic culture of urine resulted in no growth. Survey abdominal radiography, positive-contrast urethrocystography and