Page 1085 - Saunders Comprehensive Review For NCLEX-RN

Priority Concepts: Clinical Judgment; Perfusion
Reference: McKinney et al. (2018), pp. 1084-1086.

371. Answer: 3

Rationale: A patent ductus arteriosus is failure of the fetal ductus arteriosus
(artery connecting the aorta and the pulmonary artery) to close. A characteristic
machinery-like murmur is present, and the infant may show signs of heart failure.
Aortic stenosis is a narrowing or stricture of the aortic valve. Atrial septal defect is
an abnormal opening between the atria. Ventricular septal defect is an abnormal
opening between the right and left ventricles.
Test-Taking Strategy: Focus on the subject, the congenital cardiac anomaly and
the location of the defect. Recalling the anatomical locations in the heart will direct
you to the correct option.
Level of Cognitive Ability: Analyzing
Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
Integrated Process: Nursing Process—Assessment
Content Area: Pediatrics: Cardiovascular
Health Problem: Pediatric-Specific: Congenital Cardiac Defects
Priority Concepts: Clinical Judgment; Perfusion

1085