Page 1256 - Saunders Comprehensive Review For NCLEX-RN

Introduction

Pyramid to Success

Pyramid Points focus on treatment modalities related to an oncological problem,
such as pain management, internal and external radiation, and chemotherapy. In
preparation for the NCLEX®, focus on the following oncological problems: skin
cancer; leukemia; breast cancer; testicular cancer; stomach, bowel, and pancreatic
cancers; bladder cancer; prostate cancer; and lung cancer. Particular attention is
given to the nursing care related to these problems and treatment modalities, client
adaptation to acceptance of diagnosis and associated lifestyle changes, and the
impact of the treatment for the disorder on daily life. Also, concentrate on the
complications related to chemotherapy, such as hematological problems, and the
nursing measures required in monitoring for these complications and preventing
life-threatening conditions, such as infection and bleeding.

Client Needs: Learning Objectives

Safe and Effective Care Environment

Discussing oncology-related consultations and referrals with the
interprofessional health care team
Ensuring that advance directives are in the client’s medical record
Ensuring advocacy related to the client’s decisions
Ensuring that informed consent for treatments and procedures has been
obtained
Establishing priorities
Handling hazardous and infectious materials related to radiation and
chemotherapy safely
Implementing protective, standard, and other precautions
Maintaining medical and surgical asepsis and preventing infection
Providing confidentiality regarding diagnosis
Upholding client rights

Health Promotion and Maintenance

Discussing expected body image changes related to chemotherapy and
treatments
Providing client and family instructions regarding home care

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