Page 1446 - Saunders Comprehensive Review For NCLEX-RN

2. Assess for signs and symptoms of hypocalcemia and
hypercalcemia.

3. Assess for symptoms of tetany in the client

with hypocalcemia.
4. Assess for renal calculi in the client with
hypercalcemia.
5. Instruct the client in the signs and symptoms of
hypercalcemia and hypocalcemia.
6. Instruct the client to check over-the-counter
medication labels for the possibility of calcium
content.

7. Instruct the client receiving oral calcium

supplements to maintain an adequate intake of
vitamin D, because vitamin D enhances absorption of
calcium.

8. Instruct the client receiving calcium regulators

such as alendronate sodium to swallow the tablet
whole with water at least 30 minutes before breakfast
and not to lie down for at least 30 minutes.
9. Instruct the client using nasal spray of calcitonin to
alternate nares.

10. Instruct the client using antihypercalcemic

agents to avoid foods rich in calcium such as green,
leafy vegetables; dairy products; shellfish; and soy.

11. Instruct the client not to take other medications

within 1 hour of taking a calcium supplement.
12. Instruct the client to increase fluid and fiber in the diet
to prevent constipation associated with calcium
supplements.
VI. Corticosteroids: Mineralocorticoids
A. Fludrocortisone acetate
B. Description
1. Mineralocorticoids are steroid hormones that enhance
the reabsorption of sodium and chloride and promote
the excretion of potassium and hydrogen from the
renal tubules, thereby helping maintain fluid and
electrolyte balance.

2. Mineralocorticoids are used for replacement

therapy in primary and secondary adrenal
insufficiency in Addison’s disease.

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