Page 213 - Saunders Comprehensive Review For NCLEX-RN

Box 7-3

Functions of Management

Planning: Determining objectives and identifying methods that lead to
achievement of objectives
Organizing: Using resources (human and material) to achieve predetermined
outcomes
Directing: Guiding and motivating others to meet expected outcomes
Controlling: Using performance standards as criteria for measuring success and
taking corrective action

Table 7-1

Similarities of the Problem-Solving Process and the Nursing Process
Problem-Solving Process Nursing Process
Identifying a problem and collecting data about the problem Assessment
Determining the exact nature of the problem Analysis (Diagnosis)
Deciding on a plan of action Planning
Carrying out the plan Implementation
Evaluating the plan Evaluation

Box 7-4
Types of Power

Reward: Ability to provide incentives
Coercive: Ability to punish
Referent: Based on attraction, loyalty, and respect
Expert: Based on having an expert knowledge foundation and skill level
Legitimate: Based on a position in society
Personal: Derived from a high degree of self-confidence
Informational: When one person provides explanations why another should
behave in a certain way

Table 7-2

Evaluation Criteria for Evidence for Clinical Questions

Level Definition
Level Evidence comes from a review of a number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or from clinical practice
I guidelines that are based on such a review.
Level Evidence comes from at least one well-designed RCT.
II
Level Evidence comes from well-designed controlled studies that are not randomized.
III
Level Evidence comes from well-designed case-controlled and cohort studies.
IV
Level Evidence comes from a number of descriptive or qualitative studies.

213