Page 2276 - Saunders Comprehensive Review For NCLEX-RN

e. Stand directly in front of the client and
maintain eye contact.
f. Give ample time for the client to
respond.
g. Use a calm and reassuring voice. Do not
speak loudly unless the client is
hearing-impaired.
h. Use pantomime gestures if the client is
unable to understand spoken words.
i. Speak slowly and clearly, using short
words and simple sentences.
j. Ask only 1 question at a time and give 1
direction at a time.
k. Repeat questions if necessary, but do
not rephrase.
l. Provide alternative means of
communication.
m. Minimize external noise or distractions
when communicating.

6. Impaired judgment

a. Remove throw rugs, toxic substances,
and dangerous electrical appliances
from the environment.
b. Reduce hot water heater temperature.

7. Altered thought processes

a. Call the client by name.
b. Orient the client frequently.
c. Use familiar objects in the room.
d. Place a calendar and clock in a visible
place.
e. Maintain familiar routines.
f. Allow the client to reminisce.
g. Make tasks simple.
h. Allow time for the client to complete a
task.
i. Provide positive reinforcement for
positive behaviors.

8. Altered sleep patterns

a. Allow the client to wander in a safe
place until she or he becomes tired.
b. Prevent shadows in the room by using
indirect light.
c. Avoid the use of hypnotics because they
cause confusion and aggravate the

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