Page 2537 - Saunders Comprehensive Review For NCLEX-RN

BUN, Blood urea nitrogen; HCO , bicarbonate; K, potassium; Na, sodium.
3

From Ignatavicius D, Workman M: Medical-surgical nursing: patient-centered
collaborative care, ed 7, St. Louis, 2013, Saunders.

Box 69-11

Diabetes and Client Education: Guidelines During
Illness

▪ Take insulin or oral antidiabetic medications as prescribed.
▪ Determine the blood glucose level and test the urine for ketones every 3 to 4
hours.
▪ If the usual meal plan cannot be followed, substitute soft foods 6 to 8 times a
day.
▪ If vomiting, diarrhea, or fever occurs, consume liquids every 30 to 60 minutes to
prevent dehydration and to provide calories.
▪ Notify the primary health care provider (PHCP) if vomiting, diarrhea, or fever
persists; if blood glucose levels are higher than 250 to 300 mg/dL (14 to
17 mmol/L); when ketonuria is present for more than 24 hours; when unable to
take food or fluids for a period of 4 hours; or when illness persists for more than
2 days.

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