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Figure 7.1: The BCG Growth-Share Matrix


                                                       Relative market share

                                       High                                                         Low

                               High
                                                  Star                    Question mark

                                           Life cycle stage:              Life cycle stage:

                                                 growth                      introduction
                   Market                   Investment and              Establish profitable
                   growth                    maintenance                      segments


                                               Cash cow                          Dog
                                           Life cycle stage:              Life cycle stage:
                                                maturity                       decline
                                        Harvest and maintain           Withdrawal from the
                                                                               market?

                                                                        Introduce into new
                                                                              markets?


                   Low

               Source: Adapted from Drummond et al, (2003, p.97) Strategic Marketing:

               Planning and Control, 2  Edition, Oxford: Butterrworth-Heinemann
                                            nd

               Managing the portfolio is critical for international markets as the portfolio
               may become too large to manage and marketers find that they have an

               unbalanced portfolio with too many products at the decline stage (dogs).
               If this is the case then the SWYG strategy may be applicable. It is much
               easier  to  standardise  and  sell  what  you  have  in  international  markets

               rather than the costly task of adaptation. However, adaptation needs to be
               considered  because  of  the  diverse  range  of  consumer  needs  in

               international markets as well as different cultures.

               There are many decisions that need to be made in relation to the marketing
               mix within international markets and the product strategy lies at the heart

               of this  decision  making. Whether the decision  is  made with  regards  to
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