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Figure 7.1: The BCG Growth-Share Matrix
Relative market share
High Low
High
Star Question mark
Life cycle stage: Life cycle stage:
growth introduction
Market Investment and Establish profitable
growth maintenance segments
Cash cow Dog
Life cycle stage: Life cycle stage:
maturity decline
Harvest and maintain Withdrawal from the
market?
Introduce into new
markets?
Low
Source: Adapted from Drummond et al, (2003, p.97) Strategic Marketing:
Planning and Control, 2 Edition, Oxford: Butterrworth-Heinemann
nd
Managing the portfolio is critical for international markets as the portfolio
may become too large to manage and marketers find that they have an
unbalanced portfolio with too many products at the decline stage (dogs).
If this is the case then the SWYG strategy may be applicable. It is much
easier to standardise and sell what you have in international markets
rather than the costly task of adaptation. However, adaptation needs to be
considered because of the diverse range of consumer needs in
international markets as well as different cultures.
There are many decisions that need to be made in relation to the marketing
mix within international markets and the product strategy lies at the heart
of this decision making. Whether the decision is made with regards to

