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Unit 19: Biology Part 2 Page 37 of 137

essential amino acids. The best A common example is fluoride,
way to ensure a balanced protein which (among other functions)
diet is to eat both plant and meat helps maintain dental health.
high protein sources.
Water: Yes, it is a nutrient! Up to
Carbohydrates: These are found 60% of the human body is water.
in things like bread, potatoes, and What percent of the brain is water,
sugar. They include sugars, you ask? 70%! We can only last for
starches, and fiber. They provide a couple days without water.
energy. There are two types of Making sure to get enough water
fiber: water-soluble and water- each day is essential—especially
insoluble. Soluble fiber helps when it is warm out and/or you are
maintain blood-sugar levels. exercising!
Insoluble fiber helps move food-

waste through the digestive Summary
system.
Eating and drinking are essential

Lipids: Fats. Lipids have many parts of our life. Part of
functions in the body, from storing maintaining a healthy lifestyle is
energy to making up the cell- making sure to eat and drink the
membrane in cells. Lipids also help right quantities of the six essential
the blood clot, protect nerves, and nutrients. Those nutrients are:
control blood pressure. Fat is an protein, carbohydrates, lipids,
important part of the diet, but only vitamins, minerals, and water.
in small quantities. Consuming too
much fat can result in obesity as

well as diseases such as type 2
diabetes.

Vitamins: Vitamins help maintain

homeostasis by acting as key
elements of biochemical functions
in the body. A common example of
a vitamin is vitamin C—found in
oranges.

Minerals: Like vitamins, minerals
do not provide energy, but play
important roles in bodily functions.

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