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Unit 19: Biology Part 2
The Large Intestine
The large intestine takes the
liquid waste from the small
intestine, absorbs the excess
water, and excretes the solid was
through the anus.
The large intestine is home to
trillions of helpful bacteria.
Although we often think of bacteria
as harmful, we want the bacteria in
our small intestines. We have a
symbiotic relationship with the
bacteria in our small intestines—we
help each other to live. Among
other functions, the bacteria in our
large intestines produce vitamins
B 12 and K, as well as break down
poisons.
The Liver
The liver is essential to digestion,
and life. The liver detoxifies the
blood, maintains the glucose
balance, synthesizes proteins, and
produces many chemicals needed
for digestion. The liver is essential
to life perhaps that is why it is
called the liver.
Maintaining a Healthy
Digestive System
Keeping your digestive system
healthy involves several things:
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 Eating healthy food; making
sure to get all the right
nutrients and fiber.
 Taking care of yourself if you
contract a foodborne
illness.
 Drinking lots of water.
Getting the right nutrients and
getting fiber in your diet is
extremely important. The nutrients
keep your system running well,
while fiber helps to move waste
through your digestive system. If
you do not get enough fiber you
may become constipated; unable
to pass waste.
Foodborne illnesses usually result
from food or drink contaminated by
harmful bacteria. This often results
in diarrhea. To avoid foodborne
illness you can:
 Always wash your hands
after you go to the
bathroom.
 Always wash your hands
before you eat.
 Make sure that meats, fish,
poultry, and eggs are
thoroughly cooked before
you eat it.
Food allergies
Food allergies can be dangerous,
even deadly. Common food
allergies are: peanut, eggs, fish,
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