Page 7 - March ARB Beacon 6-12-15

The Beacon June 12, 2015 7

Men’s Health Month – focus on prostate cancer

(from cdc.gov)

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among American men. Most prostate “That’s one small step for man... and one giant leap for mankind,” said Neil Arm-
cancers grow slowly, and don’t cause any health problems in men who have them. strong as he walked on the moon, July 20, 1969

A prostate specific antigen (PSA) test may find a prostate health problem, but Prostate specific antigen (PSA) test: Measures the level of PSA in the blood.
treatment can cause serious side effects. Learn about prostate cancer and talk to PSA is a substance made by the prostate. The levels of PSA in the blood can be
your doctor before you decide to get tested or treated for prostate cancer. higher in men who have prostate cancer. The PSA level may also be elevated in
other conditions that affect the prostate.
Many men with prostate cancer—especially those with tumors that have not
spread beyond the prostate—die of other causes without ever having any symptoms As a rule, the higher the PSA level in the blood, the more likely a prostate prob-
from the cancer. lem is present. But many factors, such as age and race, can affect PSA levels. Some
prostate glands make more PSA than others. PSA levels also can be affected by:
Except for skin cancer, prostate cancer is the most common cancer in American
men. It is the second most common cause of death from cancer among white, Afri- Certain medical procedures.
can American, American Indian/Alaska Native, and Hispanic men, and the fourth Certain medications.
most common cause of death from cancer among Asian/Pacific Islander men. An enlarged prostate.
A prostate infection.
Research has found risk factors that increase your chances of getting prostate Because many factors can affect PSA levels, your doctor is the best person to
cancer. These risk factors include— interpret your PSA test results. For more information, see your doctor or visit cdc.
gov/cancer/prostate/index.htm.
Age: The older a man is, the greater his risk for getting prostate cancer.
Family history: Certain genes (the functional and physical units of heredity
passed from parent to offspring) that you inherited from your parents may affect
your prostate cancer risk. Currently, no single gene is sure to raise or lower your risk
of getting prostate cancer. However, a man with a father, brother, or son who has
had prostate cancer is two to three times more likely to develop the disease himself.
Different people have different symptoms for prostate cancer. Some men do not
have symptoms at all. Some symptoms of prostate cancer are:
Difficulty starting urination
Weak or interrupted flow of urine
Frequent urination, especially at night
Difficulty emptying the bladder completely
Pain or burning during urination
Blood in the urine or semen
Pain in the back, hips, or pelvis that doesn’t go away
Painful ejaculation
If you have any symptoms that worry you, be sure to see your doctor right away. Keep
in mind that these symptoms may be caused by conditions other than prostate cancer.
Two tests are commonly used to screen for prostate cancer.
Digital rectal exam (DRE): A doctor or nurse inserts a gloved, lubricated finger into
the rectum to estimate the size of the prostate and feel for lumps or other abnormalities.

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