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ACCESSORIES – those who having knowledge of the
commission of the crime, and without having
participated therein, either as principals or
accomplices, take part subsequent to its
commission in any of the following manners: by
profiting themselves or assisting the offender to
profit by the effects of the crime; By concealing or
destroying the body of the crime, or the effects or
instruments thereof, in order to prevent its
discovery; by harboring, concealing or assisting in
the escape of the principal of the crime, provided
the accessory acts with abuse of his public
functions or whenever the author of the crime is
guilty of treason, parricide, murder, or an attempt
to take the life of the Chief Executive, or is known
to be habitually guilty of some other crime (Art. 19,
RPC).

ACCESSORY – in traffic law enforcement, the
accessory of an automobile is any article designed
to be used in connection with such vehicle to add
to its utility or ornamentation and which is
primarily adapted for such use whether or not
essential to the operation of the vehicle.

ACCESSORY AFTER FACT – Under Art.19 (1),
Revised Penal Code, they are: 1) the accused must
not have participated in the criminal design nor
cooperated in the commission of the felony; 2) He
must have knowledge of the commission of the
crime; and 3) he must have profited from the
effects of the crime.

ACCIDENT – any happening beyond control of
persons, consequences of which are not
foreseeable.

4 | A T O Z I N C R I M I N O L O G Y