Page 10 - E-Tower ( July, August - 2019)

Hypertension

Hypertension (HT) is a medical condition in which the
blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated. It is also
known as high blood pressure. Normal blood pressure ranges
between 120/80 to 130/85.

High blood pressure can be classified according to aetiology
into 2 types:

→Primary HT accounts for 90% of non-specific lifestyle
factors like excessive body weight, smoking, alcohol consump-
tion, and excursive stress. Genetic caused hypertension runs in
genetics.
A family history of hypertension is an important risk factor.

→Secondary HT occurs secondary to some diseases such as Dr. Jalaja Ramesh
cushing syndrome, hyperthyroidism, renal artery stenosis,
coarctation of the aorta and phaeochromocytoma. Senior Consultan Diabetologist
MBBS,DCP, D.N.B (Gen. Med), C.Diab (Steno Denmark)
PGHDS (Dip.Diabetology)

Symptoms

Generally, HT is present with no symptoms.
In some cases the patient may experience giddiness, headache (back of the head)
or blurring of vision.
Elderly patient – systolic can be kept up to 140+ (except in diabetes).

Complications

Uncontrolled blood pressure can lead to kidney failure, CRF – coronary heart
disease (heart attack), stroke and peripheral vascular disease.

Lifestyle modifications - Diet:

•Consume less salt
•Eat fibre-rich fruits and vegetables
•Consume less oil (natural fats in moderation can be taken)
•Avoid deep-fried items, mutton, crab, prawn, and dry fish
•Physical activity (walking) 20-30 min/day
•Stress management
•Quit smoking

Medication (Medical assistance recommended)

Medicines to control blood pressure like ACE – inhibitors, ARB’s, calcium channel blockers
and beta-blockers.

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