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Answer key: Unit 4

6 1 commute, workplace, motivation, feel valued, a
ethical code. Co-operatives believe they should go about
things in a different way from conventional companies and good communicator, a reasonable workload, give
this means that, for example, a financial co-operative like praise
the Co-operative Bank, won’t put money into a company CD 1 Track 12
whose activities it disapproves of, you know, a company
involved in selling weapons to dodgy regimes or one Examiner: Daniel, many people dream of being able to
which might be contributing to global warming by being a work from home. What do you think are the advantages
fossil fuel producer. That sort of thing. and disadvantages of working from home?
Daniel: Well, let me think, yes, I think I’d say that for
All in all, the co-operative movement offers an alternative
most people there are a number of positive features.
to people who are disenchanted with conventional
The most important one, perhaps, is that you don’t
business models and a way forward for people who want
waste time commuting, which can be quite stressful,
to bring real change to the world. Thank you.
especially if your train is late or you can’t find a parking
space, and that you work in your own time and at your
4 1 i 2 e 3 h 4 d 5 c 6 a 7 g 8 b 9 f
own pace. Also, you don’t have to dress smartly to go
to work, which for me would be a definite plus. On the
Grammar down side it might be quite difficult to, how do you say
it, to disconnect from your job, because your office is at
Expressing possibility, probability and home, so you’re always checking your emails. Although
certainty I think that’s a problem people have even if they work in
an office – their email follows them everywhere.
1 1 a 2 b 3 a Examiner: Laura, do you agree with Daniel?

Laura: Yes, although for people with small children, the
3 1 probably likely 2 you bound you are bound
3 most more 4 posible possible 5 one of the biggest advantage is that they can combine working
possibly best possibly one of the best 6 the worst life with family life. I mean they don’t have to give up
trip I probably have probably the worst trip I have work when they start a family.
7 That may be the possible reason That may possibly Examiner: Laura, which do you think is more important in
be the reason a job: friendly colleagues or a good salary?
Laura: Oh, I think both are essential. Unless there’s a
4 1 was bound to be 2 likelihood of Boris winning / good atmosphere in the workplace, people soon lose
that Boris will win 3 may/could/might well have motivation or lose interest and this affects the quality of
seen 4 must have forgotten to 5 is (quite/very) their work. Also, employees need to feel valued and in
likely to lose 6 there any chance of (you) helping / the end this comes down to how much they are paid. If
you could help they’re not well paid for the job they do, they’ll feel that
their work is not respected.
Examiner: And Daniel. What do you think?
Speaking | Part 4 Daniel: Well, I’m not sure, because I think for me the most

3 a 3, 4 b 1, 2, 5, 6 important thing is to feel that you’re doing something
useful, achieving something worthwhile in your job.
5 Suggested answers If people have that impression, then they’re not so
1 a reasonable/heavy/light workload, a work worried about their pay and they can get their social
environment, a workplace life in their free time. I’d say it’s more important to be
2 achieve a good work–life balance, commute, a efficient than friendly.
feeling of isolation, a work environment Examiner: Daniel, many people complain about their
3 feel valued managers. What qualities would you look for in a
4 feel valued perfect manager, and why?
5 a job vacancy, recruit, take somebody on, a trainee Daniel: I think he or she has to be a good communicator,
6 give praise, a good communicator, motivate/ who tells you what’s going on, and is also pleasant to
motivation work with. He or she should be someone who gives

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