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Y uk on
 Nass
                                   Narva
 Nelson-Saskatchewan             Neman           V olga                       O   b Y enisey
                    Scheldt   Oder
                          Elbe         D niep er
                        Rhine                    D on                                                          A mu r
                                             Into the Abyss: Water in Armed Conflicts
 Columbia  Saint Lawrence  Minho  Rhone  Danube  Dniester
       Lima                  Cetina        Evros                  Aral Sea         Ili
                               Drin                        Aras
 M ississippi                            Struma                                    T ar im                                   Han
 Colorado        Guadiana         Aoos Vardar  Orontes
 Y uk on                                                         Tejen
                                          Jordan
 Nass                                    Y enisey
 Tijuana  Rio Grande  Narva                          Euphrates-Tigris  Helmand
 Nelson-Saskatchewan  Neman  V olga  O  b
 Scheldt  Oder                                                              Indus
 Elbe  D niep er
 Rhine        D on                                            A mu r                                          P ear l
 Columbia  Saint Lawrence  Minho  Rhone  Danube  Dniester
 Lima  Cetina  Evros        Aral Sea     Ili                                 Gangel-Brahmaputra-  Kaladan
                                                                                      Mghna
        Senegal
 Grisalva
 M ississippi  Drin Aoos Vardar Struma  Aras  L a ke  T ar im            Han                  Irrawaddy
 Colorado  Guadiana  Orontes  Niger Tejen   Nile                                                   Salween       Mekong
         Jordan               C had
 Tijuana  Rio Grande  Volta    Helmand
                  Euphrates-Tigris
                                   Indus                Awash
 O r ino c o                                                  P ear l
                                                     J ubba
                                    Gangel-Brahmaputra-  Kaladan
 Senegal                                   Mghna
 Grisalva  L a ke                                 Irrawaddy
 Niger     Nile                                      Salween    Mekong
 C had                             C ongo
 A maz on  Volta   Awash
 O r ino c o
                 J ubba
                          Cunene
   C ongo                              Z amb ezi
 A maz on
                                    Okavango
 L a Pla ta                                   Limpopo
 Cunene  Z amb ezi
                                       Orange  Komati
    Okavango
 L a Pla ta  Limpopo
             Komati
       Orange













 Total number of interactions from 1990 to 2008  Number of hostile events Number of hostile events  Fragile countries  Fragile countries
 Total number of interactions from 1990 to 2008
 High water scarcity  High water scarcity
 International exchanges – both conicts and alliances – over shared water resources
 International exchanges – both conicts and alliances – over shared water resources
 127+
 127+
 41 – 126
 16 – 40  46+  16 – 45  7 – 15  3 – 6  1 – 2
 41 – 126
 4 – 15
 16 – 40
 1 – 3  46+  16 – 45  7 – 15  3 – 6  1 – 2
 None 4 – 15
 1 – 3
 None
 Source: Transboundary Freshwater Dispute Database, Department of Geosciences (www.transboundarywaters.orst.edu/database), Oregon State University; Global Runo Data Centre (GRDC) in the Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG),
 Germany (http://grdc.bafg.de); Katie Peek (www.popsci.com/article/science/where-will-worlds-water-conicts-erupt-infographic); OECD, DAC List of ODA Recipients (www.oecd.org/dac/stats/daclist.htm); OECD, States of Fragility
 2015 (www.oecd.org/dac/governance-peace); Aqueduct Global Maps 2.1 Indicators, World Rescources Institute (www.wri.org/applications/maps/aqueduct-atlas)
 Map produced by Zoï Environment Network, August 2017
 Source: Transboundary Freshwater Dispute Database, Department of Geosciences (www.transboundarywaters.orst.edu/database), Oregon State University; Global Runo Data Centre (GRDC) in the Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG),
 Germany (http://grdc.bafg.de); Katie Peek (www.popsci.com/article/science/where-will-worlds-water-conicts-erupt-infographic); OECD, DAC List of ODA Recipients (www.oecd.org/dac/stats/daclist.htm); OECD, States of Fragility
 2015 (www.oecd.org/dac/governance-peace); Aqueduct Global Maps 2.1 Indicators, World Rescources Institute (www.wri.org/applications/maps/aqueduct-atlas)
 Map produced by Zoï Environment Network, August 2017

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