Page 377 - Basic _ Clinical Pharmacology ( PDFDrive )

CHAPTER 20 Drugs Used in Asthma 363

Subclass, Mechanism of Pharmacokinetics,
Drug Action Effects Clinical Applications Toxicities
ANTI-INTERLEUKIN-5 PATHWAY ANTIBODIES AND OTHER ANTIBODIES
• Mepolizumab Humanized anti-IL-5 Reduces frequency of asthma Severe asthma inadequately Parenteral • duration 2–4 wk • Toxicity:
antibody; reduces exacerbations controlled by above agents, Injection site reactions (anaphylaxis
circulating and with associated eosinophilia extremely rare)
tissue eosinophils

• Dupilumab Humanized Reduces frequency of asthma Severe asthma inadequately Parenteral injection every 2–4 wk
antibody against exacerbations; improves pulmonary controlled by ICS/LABA therapy
IL-4α receptor for function
IL-4 and IL-13
Reslizumab and benralizumab: Similar to mepolizumab

PREP AR A TIONS A V AIL ABLE

GENERIC NAME AVAILABLE AS GENERIC NAME AVAILABLE AS
SHORT-ACTING BETA-AGONIST BRONCHODILATORS Budesonide Pulmicort
Albuterol Generic, Proventil, ProAir, Ventolin Ciclesonide Alvesco
Bitolterol Tornalate Mometasone Asmanex
Ephedrine Generic Flunisolide AeroBid, Aerospan
Epinephrine Generic, Adrenaline Fluticasone Flovent
Triamcinolone Azmacort
Levalbuterol Xenopex
COMBINATION INHALERS
Metaproterenol Generic, Alupent
Formoterol/budesonide Symbicort
Pirbuterol Maxair
Formoterol/mometasone Dulera
Terbutaline Breathaire, Brethine Salmeterol/fluticasone Advair
SHORT-ACTING ANTIMUSCARINIC BRONCHODILATOR Vilanterol/fluticasone Breo
Ipratropium Generic, Atrovent Vilanterol/umeclidinium Anoro
COMBINATION SHORT-ACTING BRONCHODILATOR LEUKOTRIENE INHIBITORS
Albuterol/ipratropium Combivent Montelukast Generic, Singulair
LONG-ACTING BETA-ADRENERGIC BRONCHODILATORS Zafirlukast Accolate
Formoterol Foradil Zileuton Zyflo
Indacaterol Arcapta PHOSPHODIESTERASE INHIBITORS, METHYLXANTHINES
Olodaterol Striverdi Dyphylline Dilor, Dylix, Lufyllin
Salmeterol Serevent Roflumilast Daliresp
LONG-ACTING ANTIMUSCARINIC BRONCHODILATORS Theophylline Generic, Elixophyllin, Slo-Phyllin,
Aclidinium Tudorza Uniphyl, Theo-Dur, Theo-24
Tiotropium Spiriva MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES
Umeclidinium Incruse Omalizumab Xolair
Benralizumab (To be determined)
AEROSOL CORTICOSTEROIDS
See also Chapter 39 Mepolizumab Nucala
Beclomethasone QVAR, Beclovent, Vanceril Reslizumab Cinqair