Page 866 - Basic _ Clinical Pharmacology ( PDFDrive )

852 SECTION VIII Chemotherapeutic Drugs

PREP AR A TIONS Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Update: Adverse event data
A V AIL ABLE * and revised American Thoracic Society/CDC recommendations against
the use of rifampin and pyrazinamide for treatment of latent tubercu-
losis infection—United States, 2003. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep
2003;52:735.
GENERIC NAME AVAILABLE AS Curry International Tuberculosis Center and California Department of Public
DRUGS USED IN TUBERCULOSIS Health, 2016: Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: A Survival Guide for Clinicians,
Aminosalicylic acid Paser Third Edition [1-305].
Bedaquiline fumarate Sirturo Gillespie SH et al: Early bactericidal activity of a moxifloxacin and isoniazid
combination in smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis. J Antimicrob
Capreomycin Capastat Chemother 2005;56:1169.
Ethambutol Generic, Myambutol Griffith DE et al: An official ATS/IDSA statement: Diagnosis, treatment, and
Ethionamide Trecator, Trecator-SC prevention of nontuberculous mycobacterial disease. Am J Respir Crit Care
Isoniazid Generic Med 2007;175:367.
Pyrazinamide Generic Hugonnet J-E et al: Meropenem-clavulanate is effective against extensively drug-
resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Science 2009;323:1215.
Rifabutin Generic, Mycobutin Jasmer RM, Nahid P, Hopewell PC: Latent tuberculosis infection. N Engl J Med
Rifampin Generic, Rifadin, Rimactane 2002;347:1860.
Rifapentine Priftin Kinzig-Schippers M et al: Should we use N-acetyltransferase type 2 genotyping to
Streptomycin Generic personalize isoniazid doses? Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2005;49:1733.
DRUGS USED IN LEPROSY Lee M et al: Linezolid for treatment of chronic extensively drug-resistant tubercu-
losis. N Engl J Med 2012;367:1508.
Clofazimine Lamprene Mitnick CD et al: Comprehensive treatment of extensively drug-resistant tubercu-
Dapsone Generic losis. N Engl J Med 2008;359:563.
Nahid P et al: Official American Thoracic Society/Centers for Disease Control
*
Drugs used against nontuberculous mycobacteria are listed in Chapters 43–46. and Prevention/Infectious Diseases Society of America Clinical Practice
Guidelines: Treatment of Drug-Susceptible Tuberculosis. Clin Infect Dis
REFERENCES 2016;63:e147.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Provisional CDC Guidelines Sulochana S, Rahman F, Paramasivan CN: In vitro activity of fluoroquinolones
against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Chemother 2005;17:169.
for the use and safety monitoring of bedaquiline fumarate (Sirturo) for the
treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Targeted tuberculin testing and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection. Am J
Rep 2013;62:1. Respir Crit Care Med 2000;161(4 Part 2):S221.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Recommendations for use Zhang Y, Yew WW: Mechanisms of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
of an isoniazid-rifapentine regimen with direct observation to treat latent Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2009;13:1320.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Zumla A et al: Current concepts—Tuberculosis. N Engl J Med 2013;368:745.
2011;60:1650.

C ASE STUD Y ANSWER

The patient should be started on four-drug therapy with If dolutegravir is chosen, it must be administered twice daily
rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol. He should due to the interaction with rifampin; alternatively, rifabutin
also be started on antiretroviral therapy for HIV. If a protease- can be used in place of rifampin, and dolutegravir can be
inhibitor-based antiretroviral regimen is used to treat his HIV, dosed once daily. The patient is at increased risk of developing
rifabutin should replace rifampin because of the serious drug- hepatotoxicity from both isoniazid and pyrazinamide given
drug interactions between rifampin and protease inhibitors. his history of alcohol use.