Page 435 - AWSAR 2.0

Fig. 1. A diagrammatic representation of the biosynthesis of AgNPs in in-vitro and in-vivo studies.
aminotransferase (ALT) activity following AgNP administration. Infection with Salmonella typhimurium revealed an elevation of 2.3- fold in the serum levels of ALT (22.54 IU/L vs 9.73 IU/L; P < 0.001) and 1.9-fold in the AST levels (48.09 IU/L vs 24.75 IU/L) (P < 0.001) compared with the
control group. However, silver
nanoparticle administration
revealed the reduction in the
leakage of these enzymes, and
the enzyme activities were found
to be restored in the serum of
infected AgNP administered
group. A significant decrease in
ALT and AST levels (13.79 IU/L
and 35.36 IU/L, respectively; P
< 0.001) was observed in the
infected AgNP administered
group compared with the
infected control. Further, in
the AgNP administered group,
challenges with 1250 μg
AgNPs/kg body weight per day
per mice revealed a nearly 1.6-fold increase in ALT levels (11.49 IU/L vs 24.75 IU/L; P < 0.001) and 1.2-fold increase in AST levels (11.49 IU/L vs 9.73 IU/L; P < 0.001) relative to the control group.
Antioxidative potential of the biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles was assessed by determining the oxidative stress levels [malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, reduced glutathione (GSH) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels] in the liver, intestine
and spleen homogenates. Oral administration of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles showed a significant decrease in the MDA level, thereby revealing reduced injury to the liver, intestine and spleen tissues. MDA levels were diminished by 74.2%, 42.1%, 68.3% in the liver, intestine and spleen tissues, respectively, in the infected AgNP administered group compared with the infected control group. However, in the AgNP-administered, MDA level diminished by 16.9% in the liver and increased by 23.04%
and 14.96% in the intestine and spleen, respectively, compared with the control group. Further, GSH levels in the liver and intestinal tissue increased with the administration of chitosan-coated silver nanoparticles by 19.7%
Mr. Gaurav Kumar || 411
The therapeutic efficacy of silver nanoparticles was evaluated against Salmonella infection using different markers such as bacterial load, histological analysis and liver markers. Silver nanoparticles exerted
a therapeutic and protective efficacy against Salmonella infection in a murine model.