Page 26 - Human anatomy COMPLETELY DONE1

IN ADDITION YOU CAN READ ABOUT RH FACTOR AND BLOOD GROUPS
There are many different types of proteins in human blood that can interact with
each other.
A protein called Rh factor may be present on the outer surface of red blood cells.
However, it may not be. The name of this protein comes from the name of a species of
rhesus monkeys, in whose red blood cells it was discovered in 1940. People containing
the Rh factor protein in their blood are called Rh–positive Rh+. Those who do not have
this protein are called Rh-negative Rh-.
If a Rh-negative person is transfused with Rh-positive blood, his lymphocytes
will begin to produce antibodies to a foreign Rh factor protein. An incompatibility
reaction will occur. If a Rh-negative mother develops a Rh-positive fetus, substances
that destroy fetal red blood cells begin to form in the mother's blood.
In humans, there are four blood groups: I (0), II (A), III (B) and IV (AB). They
differ in the content of specific proteins in plasma and erythrocytes, which are not
always compatible. Plasma proteins can glue together red blood cells, destroy them.
Only group IV can accept donor blood from all four groups, since there is no
protein in its plasma that glues the donor's red blood cells. Blood of group I can be
poured to any person, since there is no protein in its erythrocytes, which can be affected
by the recipient's plasma proteins and cause them to stick together. Those whose blood
belongs to group II or III can be transfused with their own or group I blood. However,
it is always better to use blood of the same group for transfusion.

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