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2.9. WATER PURIFICATION
Water purification is a process that eliminates unwanted chemical
compounds, organic and inorganic materials, and biological
contaminants from water, making it safe and suitable for various
purposes.
The purification process typically involves multiple steps, including
filtration, disinfection, and sometimes additional treatments like
reverse osmosis or activated carbon adsorption.
Filtration methods such as sedimentation, coagulation, and
filtration media help remove suspended particles, sediment, and
larger impurities from the water.
Disinfection techniques like chlorination, ultraviolet (UV) radiation,
or ozonation are employed to kill or inactivate harmful
microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites.
Additional treatments like reverse osmosis and activated carbon
adsorption can further remove dissolved solids, chemicals, heavy
metals, and unpleasant tastes or odors from the water.
Water purification plays a critical role in ensuring access to clean
and safe drinking water, preventing waterborne diseases, and
supporting various industries and applications that require high-
quality water.
Different water sources may require specific purification methods
tailored to their unique characteristics and contamination levels.