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2.7.1. Introduction to Water
Purification
Water purification is a vital process that involves the removal of
undesired chemical compounds, organic and inorganic
materials, and biological contaminants from water sources. This
process ensures that the water is safe, clean, and suitable for
various purposes, including drinking, cooking, irrigation, and
industrial use.
Water purification methods employ a range of techniques and
technologies to eliminate impurities and improve water quality.
These methods may include filtration, disinfection,
sedimentation, coagulation, and additional treatments such as
reverse osmosis or activated carbon adsorption.
The purpose of water purification is to remove harmful
substances, such as bacteria, viruses, parasites, chemicals,
heavy metals, sediment, and unpleasant tastes or odors, that
may be present in the water. By eliminating these
contaminants, water purification helps prevent waterborne
diseases, protect public health, and ensure access to clean and
safe drinking water.
Water purification is a critical aspect of environmental
conservation and sustainability. It helps preserve natural water
sources, such as rivers, lakes, and groundwater, by maintaining
their quality and minimizing pollution. Additionally, purified water
is essential for various industrial processes, agricultural
activities, and ecological systems that rely on clean water.