Page 303 - Ranah Studi Agraria: Penguasaan Tanah dan Hubungan Agraris

Ranah Studi Agraria

tare, in the upland the largest mean area was only 0.32 ha (in
Village VI).
As is well known, landless households could obtain land for
cultivation through sharecropping, renting and mortgage ar-

rangements. Consequently, in general we could expect that the
number of households who do not cultivate land is lower than
those who do not own land (despite the possibility of some
owners who do not own land (despite the possibility of some
owners who do not cultivate thus becoming owner non ope-
rators). Other things being equal, one would expect that this in
turn influences the Gini index. The data on Gini indices presented
here clearly show that, except in Village II and Village IV, com-
pared to the Gini for sawah ownership, the Gini indices for sawah
cultivated in each village (as well as in all villages) are low, indi-
cating a relatively less unequal distribution (see Table 6.8.).
As mentioned above, the difference in the degree of in-
equality between lowland and upland villages in ownership is
clearly marked. Due to the large difference in the number of
households who did not have access to cultivation, the Gini
indices for all households in each village greatly differs be-
tween the lowland and upland (Table 6.8., column 6). The low-
est Gini index in the lowland (Village II, 0.631) was still much

higher than the highest Gini in the upland (0.585 in village
VIII). Even when the number of non-cultivators is left out, the
difference in the Gini indices is still clear (Table 6.8., column
7). Using another measure, i. e. the ratio of top 10 percent to
bottom 40 percent of cultivating households in terms of their
proportion of area controlled, the data tell the same story
(column 10 of the same table).

234