Page 122 - General Knowledge

GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 2019

 Also grows well in alluvial soils of the Sutlej-Ganga plain and red and laterite soils of the
peninsular region.
 Cotton growing is known as less mechanised farming in India and therefore needs cheap labour.
 Main cotton producing areas are Gujarat, Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh.

Coarse Cereals and Millets
 Coarse Cereals and Millets are shorter duration warm weather (Kharif) crops used both as
food and fodder. Important millets are Jawar, Bajra, and Ragi etc.
 The areas under these crops have fallen drastically in recent years in India.
 The coarse cereals and millets are grown in areas with high temperature and are called dry
land crops because can be grown in areas with 50-100 cm rainfall.
 The coarse cereal crops are less sensitive to soil deficiencies.
 They can be grown in inferior alluvial or loamy soil.

 Top three states with a maximum production of total coarse cereals are Maharashtra,
Karnataka, and Rajasthan.

Barley
 This is a crop grown in wheat-producing areas of the poor soil and in the areas of lower
precipitation.

 Although the geographical conditions required for its cultivation are similar to those of wheat,
it has more tolerance for adverse environmental conditions.

 The major producers are Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Madhya Pradesh.
 This is grown mainly as a dry crop.
Pulses
 Mainly dry crops, they are grown in Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Punjab and
Haryana in the north and Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh in the south.
 Gram is one of the leading crops of this group. Madhya Pradesh and Tamil Nadu are
important producers of gram.

Groundnut
 Groundnut is the most important oil seed in India. Grown as both as kharif and Rabi crop but
90-95% of the total area is devoted to kharif crop.
 Groundnut thrives best in the tropical climate and requires 20°C to 30°C temperature. 50-75
cm rainfall is favourable for groundnut cultivation.
 Groundnut is highly susceptible to frost, drought, continuous rain and stagnant water. It
needs dry winder at the time of ripening.

 Well drained light sandy loams, red, yellow and black soils are well suited for its cultivation.
 Groundnut accounts for half of the major oilseeds produced in India. India is the second
largest producer of groundnut (After China).
 Top three states producing ground nut are Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu.
Jute
 Jute fibre is obtained from the best of the plants and has been the highest foreign
exchange-earning crop of India. Jute needs a warm, humid climate with temperatures of 25
0 C to 35 C and rainfall of 100 to 200 cm.
0
 It is an exhaustive crop like sugarcane and lowers soil fertility rapidly.

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