Page 120 - General Knowledge

GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 2019

 Zaid Crops
 These crops are grown in the short periods after the harvest of the kharif and Rabi crops
before the next major season.
 They are short-term crops. The crops sown in February to April and harvested in June
and July are called the Zaid Rabi crops. Green vegetables are main crops of this season.
 Similarly after the harvest of the kharif crops in September are grown some crops to be
harvested before sowing the Rabi crops in November and December.
 They are called zaid kharif crops. Oil seeds and some pulses are commonly grown in this
season.
Categories of Crops in India

 The major crops can all be divided into four main categories depending on their usage.
 Food Crops (Wheat, Maize, Rice, Millets and Pulses etc.) Cash Crops (Sugarcane,
Tobacco, Cotton, Jute and Oilseeds etc.).
 Plantation Crops (Coffee, Coconut, Tea, and Rubber etc.).
 Horticulture crops (Fruits and Vegetables)

Types of Cultivation
 Depending on the environment, different types of cultivation systems operate in India.
 Most of the cultivation in India is of sedentary type.
 The same land is cultivated year after year under this system.

 This latter practice is common in tribal regions of Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Andhra
Pradesh and the north-eastern region. Another type of farming practice common in India is
terrace farming.
 This is a practice of the mountainous and hilly regions.
 Step-like terraces are cut on the mountain slopes to obtain narrow strips of flat land for
cultivation.
 Width of the terraces depends upon the steepness of the slope is being more on gentler
slopes.
 This is a method of preventing soil erosion.
 Mixed farming, mixed cropping, irrigated or wet farming and dry farming are some other
typical farming practices in operation in India.
 Most Indian farming is of intensive type.
 This is primarily a result of high pressure of population on land.
 Another important fact about farming in the country is that it lays a great emphasis on
cultivation of food grains.
 Rice and Wheat are the chief food grains raised in India.
 The greater emphasis on food grain cultivation is also an indicator of high pressure of
population on land and intensive character of farming.
 However, a number of cash crops are also grown in different parts of the country.
 Cotton, sugarcane, tobacco and tea are some of the important cash crops of India.

Major Crops in India
Rice
 Rice is a tropical crop that can be grown almost throughout the year.
 It depends on atmospheric moisture and rainfall for irrigation.

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