Page 181 - General Knowledge

GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 2019

 Communal representation was introduced, because Muslims were given a separate
electorate.
 They had reserved seats based on religious ground.
 Satyendra Prasad Sinha, was the first Indian to join in the viceroy's Executive Council.

The Government of India Act, 1919 (Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms)
 Samuel Montagu was the secretary for Indian States.
 Lord Chelmsford was the viceroy of India.
 They prepared the report to introduce self-governing institutions.
 It relaxed over the provinces by separating the central and the provincial subjects.
 The powers of the Secretary were drastically reduced.

 In Indian council the number of members must be reduced.
 Executive council members are from India.
 At the first time direct election was introduced.
 And also Bicameral Legislature was introduced by Central Legislature.
 Dyarchy System was introduced.
 The provincial subjects of administration were divided into two categories.
 They are reserved and transferred.
 Transferred subjects were administrated by the Governor with the help of ministers
responsible to the Legislative Council.
 Reserved subjects were administrated by the Governor with his Executive Council
without the help of ministers responsible to the Legislative Council.

Government of Indian Act, 1935
 Dyarchy was established by the provinces and introduced at the federal level.
 The division was made into three lists: Federal, Provincial and Concurrent.
 All India Federation consisting of provinces and Princely states.
 Federation did not come into effect.
 Because, Indian Princely States had not joined the federation.
 Bicameralism had 6 nuts of 11 provinces.

 The Federal Legislature had two chambers.
 They are the council of the state and Federal Assembly.
 The council of the state was a permanent body with one-third of its members that retiring
every 2 years.
 The governor was given powers to use their discretion.
 Extends the principle of communal representation by separate electors for depressed
classes, women and labour.
 It provided the establishment of the Federal Public Service Commission and Joint Public
Service Commission for two or more provinces.

Cripps Mission Plan, 1942
 Dominion status was proposed.
 Constitution of India made an assembly of their members to be elected by provincial
assemblies and nominated by princely states.
 Provincial states that were not prepared to accept the constitution could negotiate
separately with Britain.

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